java制作验证码(成语+背景图)
1,效果图
点击验证码图片或者点击“看不清,换一张”就会重新生成一张验证码。
2,整体思路
验证码分为背景图和一个随机的成语,利用画笔画图,加上随机产生的成语,然后把验证码内容保存到session中以便后台验证,最后用ImageIO类输出到页面上。
3,jsp编写
<script type="text/javascript">
function change() {
document.getElementById("pic").src = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/checkcode?time"+new Date().getTime();
};
</script>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/login" method="post">
<table align="center" width="40%">
<tr>
<td>验证码</td>
<td><input type="text" name="checkcode" id="checkcode">
<img src='${pageContext.request.contextPath}/checkcode' id="pic"
onclick="change();">
<span id="checkcode_span">
<a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="change();">
<font color='black'>看不清,换一张</font>
</a>
</span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
4,生成验证码Servlet编写
生成验证码保存在session中,将验证码图片信息输出到页面上显示。
public class CheckImageServlet extends HttpServlet {
// 集合中保存所有成语
private List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
@Override
public void init() throws ServletException {
// web工程中读取idiom.txt文件,使用绝对磁盘路径,文件中放的是成语
String path = getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/idiom.txt");
try {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(path);
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(fis,"utf-8");
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
String line;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
list.add(line);
}
br.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
int width = 120;
int height = 30;
// 步骤一 绘制一张内存中图片
BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(width, height,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
// 步骤二 图片绘制背景颜色 ---通过绘图对象
// 得到画图对象 (画笔)
Graphics graphics = bufferedImage.getGraphics();
// 绘制任何图形之前都必须指定一个颜色
graphics.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
graphics.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
// 步骤三 绘制边框
graphics.setColor(Color.WHITE);
graphics.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
// 步骤四 四个随机数字
Graphics2D graphics2d = (Graphics2D) graphics;
// 设置输出字体
graphics2d.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 18));
Random random = new Random();// 生成随机数
int index = random.nextInt(list.size());
String idiom = list.get(index);// 获得成语
// 定义x坐标
int x = 10;
for (int i = 0; i < idiom.length(); i++) {
// 随机颜色
graphics2d.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random
.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));
// 旋转 -30 --- 30度
int jiaodu = random.nextInt(60) - 30;
// 换算弧度
double theta = jiaodu * Math.PI / 180;
// 获得字母数字
char c = idiom.charAt(i);
// 将c 输出到图片
graphics2d.rotate(theta, x, 20);
graphics2d.drawString(String.valueOf(c), x, 20);
graphics2d.rotate(-theta, x, 20);
x += 30;
}
// 将验证码内容保存session
request.getSession().setAttribute("checkcode_session", idiom);
System.out.println(idiom);
// 步骤五 绘制干扰线
graphics.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
int x1;
int x2;
int y1;
int y2;
for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
x1 = random.nextInt(width);
x2 = random.nextInt(12);
y1 = random.nextInt(height);
y2 = random.nextInt(12);
graphics.drawLine(x1, y1, x1 + x2, x2 + y2);
}
// 将上面图片输出到浏览器 ImageIO
graphics.dispose();// 释放资源
ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "jpg", response.getOutputStream());
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
//取其某一范围的color
private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
// 取其随机颜色
Random random = new Random();
if (fc > 255) {
fc = 255;
}
if (bc > 255) {
bc = 255;
}
int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
return new Color(r, g, b);
}
}
5,主servlet编写
获取用户输入的验证码,判断和从session中取出来的验证码是不是一样。
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
//获取用户输入的验证码
String checkcode = request.getParameter("checkcode");
String sessionCheckcode = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("checkcode_session");
System.out.println("checkcode = " + checkcode);
System.out.println("sessionCheckcode= " + sessionCheckcode);
if (sessionCheckcode == null || (!sessionCheckcode.equals(checkcode))) {
System.out.println("验证码不正确");
}
}
}
到此也就结束了٩(˘◡˘ )