SQL ZOO（My SQL）全部练习的答案，仅供参考

• SELECT basics
• SELECT from WORLD Tutorial
• SELECT from Nobel Tutorial
• SELECT within SELECT Tutorial
• SUM and COUNT
• The nobel table can be used to practice more SUM and COUNT functions
• The JOIN operation
• More JOIN operations
• Using Null
• Self join

最近在学SQL，完成了SQL ZOO上所有的练习题。发现网上有一部分题目没有答案，所以想来把自己写的东西发布出来，一是能让大家共同学习，二是方便自己查看，另外如果大家发现我写的有什么问题还需要修改，欢迎批评指正~

SELECT basics

world

name	continent	area	population	gdp
Afghanistan	Asia	652230	25500100	20343000000
Albania	Europe	28748	2831741	12960000000
Algeria	Africa	2381741	37100000	188681000000
Andorra	Europe	468	78115	3712000000
Angola	Africa	1246700	20609294	100990000000
……

1. The example uses a WHERE clause to show the population of ‘France’.Note that strings (pieces of text that are data) should be in ‘single quotes’;Modify it to show the population of Germany

   SELECT population 
   FROM world 
   WHERE name = 'Germany' 

2. Checking a list The word IN allows us to check if an item is in a list.
   The example shows the name and population for the countries ‘Brazil’, ‘Russia’, ‘India’ and ‘China’.
   Show the name and the population for ‘Sweden’, ‘Norway’ and ‘Denmark’.

   SELECT name, population 
   FROM world 
   WHERE name IN ('Sweden', 'Norway', 'Denmark')

3. Which countries are not too small and not too big? BETWEEN allows range checking (range specified is inclusive of boundary values). The example below shows countries with an area of 250,000-300,000 sq. km. Modify it to show the country and the area for countries with an area between 200,000 and 250,000.

   SELECT name, area 
   FROM world 
   WHERE area BETWEEN 200000 AND 250000

SELECT from WORLD Tutorial

1. Observe the result of running this SQL command to show the name, continent and population of all countries.

   SELECT name, continent, population 
   FROM world

2. Show the name for the countries that have a population of at least 200 million. 200 million is 200000000, there are eight zeros.

   SELECT name 
   FROM world
   WHERE population >= 200000000

3. Give the name and the per capita GDP for those countries with a population of at least 200 million.
   per capita GDP is the GDP divided by the population GDP/population

   SELECT name,GDP/population
   FROM world
   WHERE population >= 200000000

4. Show the name and population in millions for the countries of the continent ‘South America’.
   Divide the population by 1000000 to get population in millions.

   SELECT name,population/1000000
   FROM world
   WHERE continent = 'South America'

5. Show the name and population for France, Germany, Italy

   SELECT name,population
   FROM world
   WHERE name IN ('France','Germany','Italy')

6. Show the countries which have a name that includes the word ‘United’

   SELECT name
   FROM world
   WHERE name LIKE '%United%'

7. Two ways to be big: A country is big if it has an area of more than 3 million sq km or it has a population of more than 250 million.
   Show the countries that are big by area or big by population. Show name, population and area.

   SELECT name,population,area
   FROM world
   WHERE area>3000000 OR population>250000000

8. Exclusive OR (XOR). Show the countries that are big by area or big by population but not both. Show name, population and area.
   Australia has a big area but a small population, it should be included.
   Indonesia has a big population but a small area, it should be included.
   China has a big population and big area, it should be excluded.
   United Kingdom has a small population and a small area, it should be excluded.

   SELECT name, population, area 
   FROM world 
   WHERE (area > 3000000 AND population < 250000000) OR(area < 3000000 AND population > 250000000)

9. Show the name and population in millions and the GDP in billions for the countries of the continent ‘South America’. Use the ROUND function to show the values to two decimal places.
   **For South America show population in millions and GDP in billions both to 2 decimal places.**Millions and billions. Divide by 1000000 (6 zeros) for millions. Divide by 1000000000 (9 zeros) for billions.

   SELECT name, ROUND(population/1000000,2), ROUND(GDP/1000000000,2)
   FROM world
   WHERE continent='South America'

10. Show the name and per-capita GDP for those countries with a GDP of at least one trillion (1000000000000; that is 12 zeros). Round this value to the nearest 1000.
    Show per-capita GDP for the trillion dollar countries to the nearest $1000.

    SELECT name, ROUND(gdp/population,-3)
    FROM world
    WHERE gdp>=1000000000000

11. Greece has capital Athens.
    Each of the strings ‘Greece’, and ‘Athens’ has 6 characters.
    Show the name and capital where the name and the capital have the same number of characters.
    You can use the LENGTH function to find the number of characters in a string

    SELECT name, capital
    FROM world
    WHERE LENGTH(name)=LENGTH(capital)

12. The capital of Sweden is Stockholm. Both words start with the letter ‘S’.
    Show the name and the capital where the first letters of each match.
    Don’t include countries where the name and the capital are the same word.
    You can use the function LEFT to isolate the first character.
    You can use <> as the NOT EQUALS operator.

    SELECT name, capital
    FROM world
    WHERE LEFT(name,1)=LEFT(capital,1)
    AND name<>capital

13. Equatorial Guinea and Dominican Republic have all of the vowels (a e i o u) in the name. They don’t count because they have more than one word in the name.
    Find the country that has all the vowels and no spaces in its name.
    You can use the phrase name NOT LIKE ‘%a%’ to exclude characters from your results.
    The query shown misses countries like Bahamas and Belarus because they contain at least one ‘a’

    SELECT name
    FROM world
    WHERE name  not LIKE '% %' AND name LIKE '%a%' AND name LIKE '%e%' AND name LIKE '%i%' AND name LIKE '%o%' AND name LIKE '%u%'

SELECT from Nobel Tutorial

nobel

yr	subject	winner
1960	Chemistry	Willard F. Libby
1960	Literature	Saint-John Perse
1960	Medicine	Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet
1960	Medicine	Peter Madawar
……

1. Change the query shown so that it displays Nobel prizes for 1950.

    SELECT yr, subject, winner
    FROM nobel
    WHERE yr = 1950

2. Show who won the 1962 prize for Literature.

    SELECT winner
    FROM nobel
    WHERE yr = 1962 AND subject = 'Literature'

3. Show the year and subject that won ‘Albert Einstein’ his prize.

    SELECT yr, subject
    FROM nobel
    WHERE winner = 'Albert Einstein'

4. Give the name of the ‘Peace’ winners since the year 2000, including 2000.

    SELECT winner
    FROM nobel
    WHERE subject='Peace' AND yr>=2000

5. Show all details (yr, subject, winner) of the Literature prize winners for 1980 to 1989 inclusive.

    SELECT *
    FROM nobel
    WHERE subject='Literature' AND yr between 1980 AND 1989

6. Show all details of the presidential winners:
   Theodore Roosevelt
   Woodrow Wilson
   Jimmy Carter
   Barack Obama

    SELECT * 
    FROM nobel
    WHERE winner IN ('Theodore Roosevelt', 'Woodrow Wilson', 'Jimmy Carter', 'Barack Obama')

7. Show the winners with first name John

    SELECT winner
    FROM nobel
    WHERE winner like 'John%'

8. Show the year, subject, and name of Physics winners for 1980 together with the Chemistry winners for 1984.

    SELECT *
    FROM nobel
    WHERE (subject ='Physics' AND yr=1980) OR (subject =