flask插件之flask_sqlalchemy使用

flask_sqlalchemy其实是在sqlalchemy上封装了一层适用与flask的一个插件，便于开发者在flask中更方法的操作数据库，在flask中使用flask_sqlalchemy主要是要注意目录结构
这是一个小型程序的目录结构

FlaskProject
    app
        __init__.py
        models.py
        views
            login.py
            middlewares.py
    static
    templates
    settings.py
    manage.py

app->__init__.py

from flask import Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy  # 到入flask_sqlalchemy 
from flask_session import Session

db = SQLAlchemy()
from .models import *
from .views.login import login


def create_app(settings_cls):
    app = Flask(__name__, template_folder='templates', static_folder='statics', static_url_path='/static')
    app.config.from_object(settings_cls)   # 加载配文件
    Session(app)  # session写到redis
    db.init_app(app)  # 初始化数据库
    app.register_blueprint(login)
    return app

models.py

from .import db
import datetime


class Users(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = 'users'

    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(32), index=True, nullable=False)
    email = db.Column(db.String(32), unique=True)
    ctime = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.datetime.now)
    extra = db.Column(db.Text, nullable=True)

    __table_args__ = (
        db.UniqueConstraint('id', 'name', name='uix_id_name')