一、由于ViewPager设置setOffscreenPageLimit(0)无效,导致当前缓存的Fragment的数量总是 limit * 2 + 1 个,
假设 setOffscreenPageLimit(1)设置的是1,然后当前选中的是第一个Item,此时它也会把下一个Item对应的Fragment加载出来,并且走完该有的声明周期,如上图所示
二、分析原因是因为,这个是ViewPager的机制,始终会至少缓存2个Fragment,如何处理这个问题呢,接下来分析。
首先,搞明白整个调用流程,当我们调用 mViewPager.setAdapter(adapter);之后,紧接着就会调用populate(int newCurrentItem)方法,然后调用此方法
mAdapter.instantiateItem(this, position);这个方法中最终会调用到Fragment的setUserVisibleHint(boolean isVisibleToUser)这个方法。这个方法中的参数 isVisibleToUser 表示当前Fragment是否显示。
下面此图是 setUserVisibleHint 此方法真正的执行流程
三、为了解决上面的问题,看下面的代码,注意下面代码没有解决,ViewPager 嵌套Fragment,Fragment里面又嵌套ViewPager的情况,也就是双层嵌套。
宿主Activity的代码:
public class ViewPagerActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
ViewPager mViewPager;
private BottomNavigationView bottomNavigationView;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_view_pager);
mViewPager = findViewById(R.id.viewPager);
bottomNavigationView = findViewById(R.id.bottomNavigationView);
bottomNavigationView.setOnNavigationItemSelectedListener(onNavigationItemSelectedListener);
List<Fragment> fragmentList = new ArrayList<>();
fragmentList.add(MyFragment.newInstance(1));
fragmentList.add(MyFragment.newInstance(2));
fragmentList.add(MyFragment.newInstance(3));
fragmentList.add(MyFragment.newInstance(4));
fragmentList.add(MyFragment.newInstance(5));
MyFragmentPagerAdapter adapter = new MyFragmentPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager(),fragmentList);
mViewPager.setAdapter(adapter);
mViewPager.setOffscreenPageLimit(1);
mViewPager.setOnPageChangeListener(viewpagerChangeListener);
}
ViewPager.OnPageChangeListener viewpagerChangeListener = new ViewPager.OnPageChangeListener() {
@Override
public void onPageScrolled(int i, float v, int i1) { }
@Override
public void onPageSelected(int i) {
int itemId = R.id.fragment_1;
switch (i) {
case 0:
itemId = R.id.fragment_1;
break;
case 1:
itemId = R.id.fragment_2;
break;
case 2:
itemId = R.id.fragment_3;
break;
case 3:
itemId = R.id.fragment_4;
break;
case 4:
itemId = R.id.fragment_5;
break;
}
bottomNavigationView.setSelectedItemId(itemId);
}
@Override
public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int i) { }
};
BottomNavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener onNavigationItemSelectedListener = new BottomNavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener() {
@Override
public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.fragment_1:
mViewPager.setCurrentItem(0, true);
return true;
case R.id.fragment_2:
mViewPager.setCurrentItem(1, true);
return true;
case R.id.fragment_3:
mViewPager.setCurrentItem(2, true);
return true;
case R.id.fragment_4:
mViewPager.setCurrentItem(3, true);
return true;
case R.id.fragment_5:
mViewPager.setCurrentItem(4, true);
return true;
}
return false;
}
};
}
布局文件代码
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".ViewPagerActivity">
<androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:id="@+id/viewPager"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintVertical_weight="1"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottomNavigationView"
android:layout_height="0dp"/>
<com.google.android.material.bottomnavigation.BottomNavigationView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
android:id="@+id/bottomNavigationView"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:menu="@menu/bottomnavigationview"
android:background="@color/colorAccent"
android:layout_height="78dp"/>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
适配器代码
/**
* 同学们大家好:专门用来显示 ViewPager Item 的适配器
*/
public class MyFragmentPagerAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {
private static final String TAG = "MyFragmentPagerAdapter";
private List<Fragment> fragmentList;
public MyFragmentPagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm, List<Fragment> flist) {
super(fm);
fragmentList = flist;
}
@Override
public Fragment getItem(int i) {
return fragmentList.get(i);
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return fragmentList.size();
}
}
Fragment代码
// T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 有他呈现的Fragment
public class MyFragment extends LazyFragment5 {
private static final String TAG = "Lgj MyFragment";
ImageView imageView;
TextView textView;
Button btn;
private CountDownTimer con;
public static MyFragment newInstance(int position) {
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putInt("Position", position);
MyFragment fragment = new MyFragment();
fragment.setArguments(bundle);
return fragment;
}
@Override
public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
Log.i(TAG, tabIndex + " fragment " + "onCreate: " );
}
@Override
protected int getLayoutRes() {
return R.layout.fragment_lazy_loading;
}
@Override
protected void initView(View view) {
imageView = view.findViewById(R.id.iv_content);
textView = view.findViewById(R.id.tv_loading);
btn = view.findViewById(R.id.btn);
Log.i(TAG, tabIndex + " fragment " + "initView: " );
}
//加载数据
@Override
public void onFragmentLoad() {
super.onFragmentLoad();
getData();
Log.i(TAG, tabIndex + " fragment " + "真正更新界面" );
}
// 中断更新
@Override
public void onFragmentLoadStop() {
super.onFragmentLoadStop();
tabIndex = getArguments().getInt(POSITION);
handler.removeMessages(10);
if (con != null) {
con.cancel();
}
Log.i(TAG, tabIndex + " fragment " + "暂停一切操作 pause" );
//对UI操作的代表
textView.setText("李元霸");
}
private void getData() {
con= new CountDownTimer(1000,100) {
@Override
public void onTick(long millisUntilFinished) {
}
@Override
public void onFinish() {
handler.sendEmptyMessage(10);
}
};
con.start();
}
private Handler handler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
textView.setVisibility(View.GONE);
int id ;
switch(tabIndex) {
case 1:
id = R.drawable.a;
break;
case 2:
id = R.drawable.b;
break;
case 3:
id = R.drawable.c;
break;
case 4:
id = R.drawable.d;
break;
default:
id = R.drawable.a;
}
if (tabIndex == 5){
btn.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@SuppressLint("HandlerLeak")
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent = new Intent(getContext(), FragmentJumpActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
}
});
return;
}
imageView.setImageResource(id);
imageView.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_XY);
imageView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
Log.i(TAG, tabIndex +" handleMessage: " );
//模拟耗时工作
try {
Thread.sleep(40);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
};
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
return super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);
}
@Override
public void onStart() {
super.onStart();
//Log.i(TAG, tabIndex + " fragment " + "onStart: " );
}
@Override
public void onResume() {
super.onResume();
Log.i(TAG, tabIndex + " fragment " + "onResume: " );
}
@Override
public void onPause() {
super.onPause();
Log.i(TAG, tabIndex + " fragment " + "onPause: " );
}
@Override
public void onAttach(Context context) {
super.onAttach(context);
Log.i(TAG, tabIndex + " fragment " + "onAttach: " );
}
@Override
public void onDetach() {
super.onDetach();
Log.i(TAG, tabIndex + " fragment " + "onDetach: " );
}
@Override
public void onDestroyView() {
super.onDestroyView();
Log.i(TAG, tabIndex + " fragment " + "onDestroyView: " );
if (con != null) {
con.cancel();
}
}
}
基类Fragment代码,这里是重点,希望读者自行体会,如有不懂,欢迎一起探讨
public abstract class LazyFragment5 extends Fragment {
public static final String POSITION = "Position";
private static final String TAG = "Lgj MyFragment";
private View rootView = null;
protected int tabIndex;
private boolean isViewCreated = false;// 表示View是否加载了
private boolean isVisibleStateUp = false;// 记录上一次是否可见
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
Log.i(TAG, tabIndex + " fragment " + "onCreateView: " + rootView);
if (rootView == null) {
rootView = inflater.inflate(getLayoutRes(),container, false);
initView(rootView); // 初始化控件 findvxxx
isViewCreated = true;
// 解决 loading框一直加载问题
if (getUserVisibleHint()){// 需要显示
dispatchUserVisibleHint(true);
}
}
return rootView;
}
// 判断 Fragment 是否可见,这个方法非生命周期函数
@Override
public void setUserVisibleHint(boolean isVisibleToUser) {
super.setUserVisibleHint(isVisibleToUser);
tabIndex = getArguments().getInt(POSITION);
Log.i(TAG, tabIndex + " fragment " + "isVisibleToUser: " + isVisibleToUser);
// 1、如果不加 isViewCreated就会导致空指针,因为 setUserVisibleHint 此方法会比Fragment的生命周期早走
// 就会导致调用 onFragmentLoadStop 停止一切操作的时候导致空指针异常
// 2、这样会导致,停止操作重复调用,onFragmentLoadStop, 正确的调用时机是 可见 --> 不可见才调用
// onFragmentLoad 调用时机是 不可见 --> 可见,才算真正的可见,这个一般没有问题
// 解决方案的话,需要记录上一次Fragment的状态 isVisibleStateUp 用它来标记
// 3、当前存在的问题是,跳转其他Activity之后不会停止当前Fragment的数据加载
if (isViewCreated){
if (isVisibleToUser && !isVisibleStateUp){// 当前是可见,上一次不可见才加载数据
// 如果可见的话,那么就分发这个流程
dispatchUserVisibleHint(true);
}else if (!isVisibleToUser && isVisibleStateUp){//上次可见,当前不可见,才停止加载数据
dispatchUserVisibleHint(false);
}
}
}
public void onFragmentLoad() {
}
public void onFragmentLoadStop() {
}
private void dispatchUserVisibleHint(boolean visibleState) {
// 记录上次的更新状态
this.isVisibleStateUp = visibleState;
if (visibleState) {
// 加载数据
onFragmentLoad();
} else {
// 停止一切操作
onFragmentLoadStop();
}
}
// 让子类完成,初始化布局,初始化控件
protected abstract void initView(View rootView);
protected abstract int getLayoutRes();
@Override
public void onResume() {
super.onResume();
// 这个是为了解决,跳转其他Activity,回来之后又必须重新加载数据
if (getUserVisibleHint() && !isVisibleStateUp){
// 当前是可见,上一次不可见才加载数据
dispatchUserVisibleHint(true);
}
}
@Override
public void onPause() {
super.onPause();
// 跳转其他Activity之后,停止当前Fragment的数据加载
if (getUserVisibleHint() && isVisibleStateUp){
//上次可见,当前不可见,才停止加载数据
dispatchUserVisibleHint(false);
}
}
@Override
public void onDestroyView() {
super.onDestroyView();
}
}
最后一个是Fragment对应的布局代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<ImageView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:visibility="gone"
android:id="@+id/iv_content"/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:text="loading..."
android:id="@+id/tv_loading"/>
<Button
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:id="@+id/btn"
android:text="跳转"
android:textSize="20sp"
android:visibility="gone"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</FrameLayout>