转自:https://blog.csdn.net/vbirdbest/article/details/72870714
博主写的非常有条理,收藏一下,以后需要的时候就不用找啦!!!
官方主页: http://poi.apache.org/index.html
API文档: http://poi.apache.org/apidocs/index.html
常用的类和方法
- HSSFWorkbook :工作簿,代表一个excel的整个文档
- HSSFWorkbook(); // 创建一个新的工作簿
- HSSFWorkbook(InputStream inputStream); // 创建一个关联输入流的工作簿,可以将一个excel文件封装成工作簿
- HSSFSheet createSheet(String sheetname); 创建一个新的Sheet
- HSSFSheet getSheet(String sheetName); 通过名称获取Sheet
- HSSFSheet getSheetAt(int index); // 通过索引获取Sheet,索引从0开始
- HSSFCellStyle createCellStyle(); 创建单元格样式
- int getNumberOfSheets(); 获取sheet的个数
- setActiveSheet(int index); 设置默认选中的工作表
- write();
- write(File newFile);
- write(OutputStream stream);
- HSSFSheet:工作表
- HSSFRow createRow(int rownum); 创建新行,需要指定行号,行号从0开始
- HSSFRow getRow(int index); 根据索引获取指定的行
- int addMergedRegion(CellRangeAddress region); 合并单元格
CellRangeAddress(int firstRow, int lastRow, int firstCol, int lastCol); 单元格范围, 用于合并单元格,需要指定要合并的首行、最后一行、首列、最后一列。 - autoSizeColumn(int column); 自动调整列的宽度来适应内容
- getLastRowNum(); 获取最后的行的索引,没有行或者只有一行的时候返回0
- setColumnWidth(int columnIndex, int width); 设置某一列的宽度,width=字符个数 * 256,例如20个字符的宽度就是20 * 256
- HSSFRow :行
- HSSFCell createCell(int column); 创建新的单元格
- HSSFCell setCell(shot index);
- HSSFCell getCell(shot index);
- setRowStyle(HSSFCellStyle style); 设置行样式
- short getLastCellNum(); 获取最后的单元格号,如果单元格有第一个开始算,lastCellNum就是列的个数
- setHeightInPoints(float height); 设置行的高度
- HSSFCell:单元格
- setCellValue(String value); 设置单元格的值
- setCellType(); 设置单元格类型,如 字符串、数字、布尔等
- setCellStyle(); 设置单元格样式
- String getStringCellValue(); 获取单元格中的字符串值
- setCellStyle(HSSFCellStyle style); 设置单元格样式,例如字体、加粗、格式化
- setCellFormula(String formula); 设置计算公式,计算的结果作为单元格的值,也提供了异常常用的函数,如求和”sum(A1,C1)”、日期函数、字符串相关函数、CountIf和SumIf函数、随机数函数等
- HSSFCellStyle :单元格样式
- setFont(Font font); 为单元格设置字体样式
- setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment align); // 设置水平对齐方式
- setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment align); // 设置垂直对齐方式
- setFillPattern(FillPatternType fp);
- setFillForegroundColor(short bg); 设置前景色
- setFillBackgroundColor(short bg); 设置背景颜色
- HSSFFont:字体,
- setColor(short color); // 设置字体颜色
- setBold(boolean bold); // 设置是否粗体
- setItalic(boolean italic); 设置倾斜
- setUnderline(byte underline); 设置下划线
- HSSFName:名称
- HSSFDataFormat :日期格式化
- HSSFHeader : Sheet的头部
- HSSFFooter :Sheet的尾部
- HSSFDateUtil :日期工具
- HSSFPrintSetup :打印设置
- HSSFErrorConstants:错误信息表
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.8</version>
</dependency>
简单桌面读取文件
public class CreateExcel {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// createExcel();
readExcel();
}
public static void createExcel() throws IOException {
// 获取桌面路径
FileSystemView fsv = FileSystemView.getFileSystemView();
String deskpath = fsv.getHomeDirectory().getPath();
String filePath = deskpath + "/template.xls";
// 创建虚拟文件
File file= new File(filePath);
OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet1 = workbook.createSheet("sheet1");
// 第一行
HSSFRow row = sheet1.createRow(0);
row.createCell(0).setCellValue("id");
row.createCell(1).setCellValue("订单号");
row.createCell(2).setCellValue("下单时间");
row.createCell(3).setCellValue("个数");
row.createCell(4).setCellValue("单价");
row.createCell(5).setCellValue("订单金额");
row.setHeightInPoints(30); // 设置行的高度
// 第二行
HSSFRow row1 = sheet1.createRow(1);
row1.createCell(0).setCellValue("1");
row1.createCell(1).setCellValue("NO00001");
// 日期格式化
HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
HSSFCreationHelper creationHelper = workbook.getCreationHelper();
cellStyle.setDataFormat(creationHelper.createDataFormat().getFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
sheet1.setColumnWidth(2, 20 * 256); // 设置列的宽度
HSSFCell cell2 = row1.createCell(2);
cell2.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
cell2.setCellValue(new Date());
row1.createCell(3).setCellValue(2);
// 保留两位小数
HSSFCellStyle cellStyle3 = workbook.createCellStyle();
cellStyle3.setDataFormat(HSSFDataFormat.getBuiltinFormat("0.00"));
HSSFCell cell4 = row1.createCell(4);
cell4.setCellStyle(cellStyle3);
cell4.setCellValue(29.5);
// 货币格式化
HSSFCellStyle cellStyle4 = workbook.createCellStyle();
HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
font.setFontName("华文行楷");
font.setFontHeightInPoints((short)15);
font.setColor(HSSFColor.RED.index);
cellStyle4.setFont(font);
HSSFCell cell5 = row1.createCell(5);
cell5.setCellFormula("D2*E2"); // 设置计算公式
// 获取计算公式的值
HSSFFormulaEvaluator e = new HSSFFormulaEvaluator(workbook);
cell5 = e.evaluateInCell(cell5);
System.out.println(cell5.getNumericCellValue());
// 输出
workbook.setActiveSheet(0);
workbook.write(outputStream);
outputStream.close();
}
public static void readExcel() throws IOException{
FileSystemView fsv = FileSystemView.getFileSystemView();
String desktop = fsv.getHomeDirectory().getPath();
String filePath = desktop + "/template.xls";
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
BufferedInputStream bufferedInputStream = new BufferedInputStream(fileInputStream);
POIFSFileSystem fileSystem = new POIFSFileSystem(bufferedInputStream);
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fileSystem);
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheet("Sheet1");
int lastRowIndex = sheet.getLastRowNum();
System.out.println(lastRowIndex);
for (int i = 0; i <= lastRowIndex; i++) {
HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);
if (row == null) { break; }
short lastCellNum = row.getLastCellNum();
for (int j = 0; j < lastCellNum; j++) {
// Cannot get a text value from a numeric cell的异常错误
// 解决办法:先设置Cell的类型,然后就可以把纯数字作为String类型读进来了
row.getCell(j).setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
String cellValue = row.getCell(j).getStringCellValue();
System.out.println(cellValue);
}
}
bufferedInputStream.close();
}
}
Java Web 中导出和导入Excel
导出:
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
@RequestMapping("/export")
public void exportExcel(HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session, String name) throws Exception {
String[] tableHeaders = {"id", "姓名", "年龄"};
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("Sheet1");
HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
cellStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
Font font = workbook.createFont();
font.setColor(HSSFColor.RED.index);
font.setBold(true);
cellStyle.setFont(font);
// 将第一行的三个单元格给合并
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, 2));
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
HSSFCell beginCell = row.createCell(0);
beginCell.setCellValue("通讯录");
beginCell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
row = sheet.createRow(1);
// 创建表头
for (int i = 0; i < tableHeaders.length; i++) {
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
cell.setCellValue(tableHeaders[i]);
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
}
List<User> users = new ArrayList<>();
users.add(new User(1L, "张三", 20));
users.add(new User(2L, "李四", 21));
users.add(new User(3L, "王五", 22));
for (int i = 0; i < users.size(); i++) {
row = sheet.createRow(i + 2);
User user = users.get(i);
row.createCell(0).setCellValue(user.getId());
row.createCell(1).setCellValue(user.getName());
row.createCell(2).setCellValue(user.getAge());
}
OutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
response.reset();
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename=template.xls");
workbook.write(outputStream);
outputStream.flush();
outputStream.close();
}
倒入:
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3</version>
</dependency>
<bean name="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
</bean>
<a href="/Spring-Mybatis-Druid/user/export">导出</a> <br/>
<form action="/Spring-Mybatis-Druid/user/import" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
<input type="file" name="file"/>
<input type="submit" value="导入Excel">
</form>
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
@RequestMapping("/import")
public void importExcel(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) throws Exception{
InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream();
BufferedInputStream bufferedInputStream = new BufferedInputStream(inputStream);
POIFSFileSystem fileSystem = new POIFSFileSystem(bufferedInputStream);
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fileSystem);
//HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file.getInputStream());
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
int lastRowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();
for (int i = 2; i <= lastRowNum; i++) {
HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);
int id = (int) row.getCell(0).getNumericCellValue();
String name = row.getCell(1).getStringCellValue();
int age = (int) row.getCell(2).getNumericCellValue();
System.out.println(id + "-" + name + "-" + age);
}
}