python装饰器class_Python装饰器的几种类型

装饰器的原理就是闭包，这在前面已经提到过了。本篇主要记录一下装饰器的几种类型。

无参数装饰器

def deco(func):

def _deco(*args, **kwargs):

print 'call deco'

func(*args, **kwargs)

return _deco

@deco

def test():

print 'call test'

# 等同于

def test():

print 'call test'

test = deco(func)

有参数装饰器

def deco(*args, **kwargs):

def _deco(func):

print args, kwargs

def __deco(*args, **kwargs):

print 'call deco'

func(*args, **kwargs)

return __deco

return _deco

@deco('hello', x='nihao')

def test():

print 'call test'

# 等同于

def test():

print 'call test'

test = deco('hello', x='nihao')(test)

类装饰器

def deco(*args, **kwargs):

def _deco(cls):

cls.x = 12

return cls

return _deco

@deco('hello')

class A(object):

pass

>>> A.x

12

# 等同于

class A(object):

pass

A = deco('hello')(A)

装饰器类

类作为装饰器，分为有参数和无参数。同时，需要装饰的是类方法时，需要用到get。

无参数

class Deco(object):

def __init__(self, func):

self.func = func

def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):

print 'call Deco'

self.func(*args, **kwargs)

@Deco

def test():

print 'call test'

# 等同于

test = Deco(test)

有参数

class Deco(object):

def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):

print args, kwargs

def __call__(self, func):

def _deco(*args, **kwargs):

print 'call Deco'

func(*args, **kwargs)

return _deco

@Deco('hello')

def test():

print 'call test'

# 等同于

test = Deco('hello')(func)

装饰类方法

无参数

class Deco(object):

def __init__(self, func):

self.func = func

def __get__(self, instance, owner):

def _deco(*args, **kwargs):

print 'call Deco'

self.func(instance, *args, **kwargs)

return _deco

class A(object):

@Deco

def test(self):

print 'call test'

# 等同于

class A(object):

def test(self):

print 'call test'

test = Deco(test)

有参数

class Deco(object):

def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):

print args, kwargs

def __get__(self, instance, owner):

def _deco(*args, **kwargs):

print 'call Deco'

self.func(instance, *args, **kwargs)

return _deco

def __call__(self, func):

self.func = func

return self

class A(object):

@Deco('hello')

def test(self):

print 'call test'

# 等同于

class A(object):

def test(self):

print 'call test'

test = Deco('hello')(test)