python运行命令并且捕获输出_运行shell命令并捕获输出

def execute(cmd, output=True, DEBUG_MODE=False):

"""Executes a bash command.

(cmd, output=True)

output: whether print shell output to screen, only affects screen display, does not affect returned values

return: ...regardless of output=True/False...

returns shell output as a list with each elment is a line of string (whitespace stripped both sides) from output

could be

[], ie, len()=0 --> no output;

[''] --> output empty line;

None --> error occured, see below

if error ocurs, returns None (ie, is None), print out the error message to screen

"""

if not DEBUG_MODE:

print "Command: " + cmd

# https://stackoverflow.com/a/40139101/2292993

def _execute_cmd(cmd):

if os.name == 'nt' or platform.system() == 'Windows':

# set stdin, out, err all to PIPE to get results (other than None) after run the Popen() instance

p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True)

else:

# Use bash; the default is sh

p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True, executable="/bin/bash")

# the Popen() instance starts running once instantiated (??)

# additionally, communicate(), or poll() and wait process to terminate

# communicate() accepts optional input as stdin to the pipe (requires setting stdin=subprocess.PIPE above), return out, err as tuple

# if communicate(), the results are buffered in memory

# Read stdout from subprocess until the buffer is empty !

# if error occurs, the stdout is '', which means the below loop is essentially skipped

# A prefix of 'b' or 'B' is ignored in Python 2;

# it indicates that the literal should become a bytes literal in Python 3

# (e.g. when code is automatically converted with 2to3).

# return iter(p.stdout.readline, b'')

for line in iter(p.stdout.readline, b''):

# # Windows has rn, Unix has n, Old mac has r

# if line not in ['','n','r','rn']: # Don't print blank lines

yield line

while p.poll() is None:

sleep(.1) #Don't waste CPU-cycles

# Empty STDERR buffer

err = p.stderr.read()

if p.returncode != 0:

# responsible for logging STDERR

print("Error: " + str(err))

yield None

out = []

for line in _execute_cmd(cmd):

# error did not occur earlier

if line is not None:

# trailing comma to avoid a newline (by print itself) being printed

if output: print line,

out.append(line.strip())

else:

# error occured earlier

out = None

return out

else:

print "Simulation! The command is " + cmd

print ""