1. JSON概述
JSON: JavaScript 对象表示法( JavaScript Object Notation) 。是一种轻量级的数据交换格式。 它基于ECMAScript的一个子集。许多编程语言都很容易找到JSON 解析器和 JSON 库。 JSON 文本格式在语法上与创建 JavaScript 对象的代码相同。不同语言的不同json库对json标准的支持不尽相同,为了能让尽可能多的json库都能正常解析和生成json,定义JSON的规范很重要,推荐一个JSON规范《JSON风格指南》。
2. 常用C&C++ JSON库
常用且知名度较高的C&C++的JSON库有cJSON、json-c、JsonCpp等,腾讯员工开源的一个RapidJSON以高性能著称。C&C++的JSON库比较见RapidJSON作者的比较nativejson-benchmark。
3. 非常简单易用的CJsonObject
我一直使用的json库是一个较老版本的cJSON,cJSON的好处是简单易用,而且只有两个文件,直接复制到自己的代码中就可以用。cJSON也有一个非常容易让初用者头痛的地方,一不小心就造成内存泄漏了。为此,我基于cJSON封装了一个C++版的CJsonObject,该库比cJSON更简单易用,且只要不是有意不释放内存就不会发生内存泄漏。用CJsonObject的好处在于完全不用文档,看完Demo马上就会用,不明白的看一下头文件就知道,所有函数都十分通俗易懂,最为关键的一点是解析JSON和生成JSON的编码效率非常高。当然,毕竟是经过cJSON封装而来,效率会略低于cJSON,cJSON不支持的CJsonObject也不支持。个人认为,既然已经选了json,那一点点的解析性能差异就不重要了,如果追求性能可以选protobuf。CJsonObject在我最近4年做过的8个项目中广泛应用,目前有超过20人在使用,至于是否有离职同事带到其他团队去了就不太清楚。CJsonObject非常简单易用,且表现稳定,2018年5月我把它开源https://github.com/Bwar/CJsonObject,并将持续维护。
好了,来看看CJsonObject是如何简单易用:
demo.cpp:
#include #include #include "../CJsonObject.hpp"int main()
{ int iValue;
std::string strValue;
neb::CJsonObject oJson("{\"refresh_interval\":60,"
"\"dynamic_loading\":["
"{"
"\"so_path\":\"plugins/User.so\", \"load\":false, \"version\":1,"
"\"cmd\":["
"{\"cmd\":2001, \"class\":\"neb::CmdUserLogin\"},"
"{\"cmd\":2003, \"class\":\"neb::CmdUserLogout\"}"
"],"
"\"module\":["
"{\"path\":\"im/user/login\", \"class\":\"neb::ModuleLogin\"},"
"{\"path\":\"im/user/logout\", \"class\":\"neb::ModuleLogout\"}"
"]"
"},"
"{"
"\"so_path\":\"plugins/ChatMsg.so\", \"load\":false, \"version\":1,"
"\"cmd\":["
"{\"cmd\":2001, \"class\":\"neb::CmdChat\"}"
"],"
"\"module\":[]"
"}"
"]"
"}");
std::cout <
std::cout <
std::cout <
oJson["dynamic_loading"][0]["cmd"][0].Get("cmd", iValue);
std::cout <
oJson["dynamic_loading"][0]["module"][0].Get("path", strValue);
std::cout <
std::cout <
oJson.AddEmptySubObject("depend");
oJson["depend"].Add("nebula", "https://github.com/Bwar/Nebula");
oJson["depend"].AddEmptySubArray("bootstrap");
oJson["depend"]["bootstrap"].Add("BEACON");
oJson["depend"]["bootstrap"].Add("LOGIC");
oJson["depend"]["bootstrap"].Add("LOGGER");
oJson["depend"]["bootstrap"].Add("INTERFACE");
oJson["depend"]["bootstrap"].Add("ACCESS");
std::cout <
std::cout <
std::cout <
}
Demo执行结果:[bwar@nebula demo]$ ./CJsonObjectTest{"refresh_interval":60,"dynamic_loading":[{"so_path":"plugins/User.so","load":false,"version":1,"cmd":[{"cmd":2001,"class":"neb::CmdUserLogin"},{"cmd":2003,"class":"neb::CmdUserLogout"}],"module":[{"path":"im/user/login","class":"neb::ModuleLogin"},{"path":"im/user/logout","class":"neb::ModuleLogout"}]},{"so_path":"plugins/ChatMsg.so","load":false,"version":1,"cmd":[{"cmd":2001,"class":"neb::CmdChat"}],"module":[]}]}-------------------------------------------------------------------neb::CmdUserLogoutiValue = 2001strValue = im/user/login-------------------------------------------------------------------{"refresh_interval":60,"dynamic_loading":[{"so_path":"plugins/User.so","load":false,"version":1,"cmd":[{"cmd":2001,"class":"neb::CmdUserLogin"},{"cmd":2003,"class":"neb::CmdUserLogout"}],"module":[{"path":"im/user/login","class":"neb::ModuleLogin"},{"path":"im/user/logout","class":"neb::ModuleLogout"}]},{"so_path":"plugins/ChatMsg.so","load":false,"version":1,"cmd":[{"cmd":2001,"class":"neb::CmdChat"}],"module":[]}],"depend":{"nebula":"https://github.com/Bwar/Nebula","bootstrap":["BEACON","LOGIC","LOGGER","INTERFACE","ACCESS"]}}-------------------------------------------------------------------{"refresh_interval": 60,"dynamic_loading": [{"so_path":"plugins/User.so","load":false,"version": 1,"cmd": [{"cmd": 2001,"class":"neb::CmdUserLogin"}, {"cmd": 2003,"class":"neb::CmdUserLogout"}],"module": [{"path":"im/user/login","class":"neb::ModuleLogin"}, {"path":"im/user/logout","class":"neb::ModuleLogout"}]}, {"so_path":"plugins/ChatMsg.so","load":false,"version": 1,"cmd": [{"cmd": 2001,"class":"neb::CmdChat"}],"module": []}],"depend": {"nebula":"https://github.com/Bwar/Nebula","bootstrap": ["BEACON","LOGIC","LOGGER","INTERFACE","ACCESS"]}}
再来看看头文件,一看就知道如何使用:
/*******************************************************************************
* Project: neb
* @file CJsonObject.hpp
* @brief Json
* @author bwarliao
* @date: 2014-7-16
* @note
* Modify history:
******************************************************************************/#ifndef CJSONOBJECT_HPP_#define CJSONOBJECT_HPP_#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "cJSON.h"namespace neb
{class CJsonObject
{public: // method of ordinary json object or json array CJsonObject();
CJsonObject(const std::string& strJson);
CJsonObject(const CJsonObject* pJsonObject);
CJsonObject(const CJsonObject& oJsonObject); virtual ~CJsonObject();
CJsonObject& operator=(const CJsonObject& oJsonObject); bool operator==(const CJsonObject& oJsonObject) const; bool Parse(const std::string& strJson); void Clear(); bool IsEmpty() const; bool IsArray() const;
std::string ToString() const;
std::string ToFormattedString() const; const std::string& GetErrMsg() const
{ return(m_strErrMsg);
}public: // method of ordinary json object
bool AddEmptySubObject(const std::string& strKey); bool AddEmptySubArray(const std::string& strKey);
CJsonObject& operator[](const std::string& strKey);
std::string operator()(const std::string& strKey) const; bool Get(const std::string& strKey, CJsonObject& oJsonObject) const; bool Get(const std::string& strKey, std::string& strValue) const; bool Get(const std::string& strKey, int32& iValue) const; bool Get(const std::string& strKey, uint32& uiValue) const; bool Get(const std::string& strKey, int64& llValue) const; bool Get(const std::string& strKey, uint64& ullValue) const; bool Get(const std::string& strKey, bool& bValue) const; bool Get(const std::string& strKey, float& fValue) const; bool Get(const std::string& strKey, double& dValue) const; bool Add(const std::string& strKey, const CJsonObject& oJsonObject); bool Add(const std::string& strKey, const std::string& strValue); bool Add(const std::string& strKey, int32 iValue); bool Add(const std::string& strKey, uint32 uiValue); bool Add(const std::string& strKey, int64 llValue); bool Add(const std::string& strKey, uint64 ullValue); bool Add(const std::string& strKey, bool bValue, bool bValueAgain); bool Add(const std::string& strKey, float fValue); bool Add(const std::string& strKey, double dValue); bool Delete(const std::string& strKey); bool Replace(const std::string& strKey, const CJsonObject& oJsonObject); bool Replace(const std::string& strKey, const std::string& strValue); bool Replace(const std::string& strKey, int32 iValue); bool Replace(const std::string& strKey, uint32 uiValue); bool Replace(const std::string& strKey, int64 llValue); bool Replace(const std::string& strKey, uint64 ullValue); bool Replace(const std::string& strKey, bool bValue, bool bValueAgain); bool Replace(const std::string& strKey, float fValue); bool Replace(const std::string& strKey, double dValue);public: // method of json array
int GetArraySize();
CJsonObject& operator[](unsigned int uiWhich);
std::string operator()(unsigned int uiWhich) const; bool Get(int iWhich, CJsonObject& oJsonObject) const; bool Get(int iWhich, std::string& strValue) const; bool Get(int iWhich, int32& iValue) const; bool Get(int iWhich, uint32& uiValue) const; bool Get(int iWhich, int64& llValue) const; bool Get(int iWhich, uint64& ullValue) const; bool Get(int iWhich, bool& bValue) const; bool Get(int iWhich, float& fValue) const; bool Get(int iWhich, double& dValue) const; bool Add(const CJsonObject& oJsonObject); bool Add(const std::string& strValue); bool Add(int32 iValue); bool Add(uint32 uiValue); bool Add(int64 llValue); bool Add(uint64 ullValue); bool Add(int iAnywhere, bool bValue); bool Add(float fValue); bool Add(double dValue); bool AddAsFirst(const CJsonObject& oJsonObject); bool AddAsFirst(const std::string& strValue); bool AddAsFirst(int32 iValue); bool AddAsFirst(uint32 uiValue); bool AddAsFirst(int64 llValue); bool AddAsFirst(uint64 ullValue); bool AddAsFirst(int iAnywhere, bool bValue); bool AddAsFirst(float fValue); bool AddAsFirst(double dValue); bool Delete(int iWhich); bool Replace(int iWhich, const CJsonObject& oJsonObject); bool Replace(int iWhich, const std::string& strValue); bool Replace(int iWhich, int32 iValue); bool Replace(int iWhich, uint32 uiValue); bool Replace(int iWhich, int64 llValue); bool Replace(int iWhich, uint64 ullValue); bool Replace(int iWhich, bool bValue, bool bValueAgain); bool Replace(int iWhich, float fValue); bool Replace(int iWhich, double dValue);private:
CJsonObject(cJSON* pJsonData);private:
cJSON* m_pJsonData;
cJSON* m_pExternJsonDataRef;
std::string m_strErrMsg;
std::map m_mapJsonArrayRef;
std::map<:string> m_mapJsonObjectRef;
};
}#endif /* CJSONHELPER_HPP_ */