I want to know the number of CPUs on the local machine using Python. The result should be user/real as output by time(1) when called with an optimally scaling userspace-only program.
解决方案
If you're interested into the number of processors available to your current process, you have to check cpuset first. Otherwise (or if cpuset is not in use), multiprocessing.cpu_count() is the way to go in Python 2.6 and newer. The following method falls back to a couple of alternative methods in older versions of Python:
import os
import re
import subprocess
def available_cpu_count():
""" Number of available virtual or physical CPUs on this system, i.e.
user/real as output by time(1) when called with an optimally scaling
userspace-only program"""
# cpuset
# cpuset may restrict the number of *available* processors
try:
m = re.search(r'(?m)^Cpus_allowed:\s*(.*)$',
open('/proc/self/status').read())
if m:
res = bin(int(m.group(1).replace(',', ''), 16)).count('1')
if res > 0:
return res
except IOError:
pass
# Python 2.6+
try:
import multiprocessing
return multiprocessing.cpu_count()
except (ImportError, NotImplementedError):
pass
# https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil
try:
import psutil
return psutil.cpu_count() # psutil.NUM_CPUS on old versions
except (ImportError, AttributeError):
pass
# POSIX
try:
res = int(os.sysconf('SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN'))
if res > 0:
return res
except (AttributeError, ValueError):
pass
# Windows
try:
res = int(os.environ['NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS'])
if res > 0:
return res
except (KeyError, ValueError):
pass
# jython
try:
from java.lang import Runtime
runtime = Runtime.getRuntime()
res = runtime.availableProcessors()
if res > 0:
return res
except ImportError:
pass
# BSD
try:
sysctl = subprocess.Popen(['sysctl', '-n', 'hw.ncpu'],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
scStdout = sysctl.communicate()[0]
res = int(scStdout)
if res > 0:
return res
except (OSError, ValueError):
pass
# Linux
try:
res = open('/proc/cpuinfo').read().count('processor\t:')
if res > 0:
return res
except IOError:
pass
# Solaris
try:
pseudoDevices = os.listdir('/devices/pseudo/')
res = 0
for pd in pseudoDevices:
if re.match(r'^cpuid@[0-9]+$', pd):
res += 1
if res > 0:
return res
except OSError:
pass
# Other UNIXes (heuristic)
try:
try:
dmesg = open('/var/run/dmesg.boot').read()
except IOError:
dmesgProcess = subprocess.Popen(['dmesg'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
dmesg = dmesgProcess.communicate()[0]
res = 0
while '\ncpu' + str(res) + ':' in dmesg:
res += 1
if res > 0:
return res
except OSError:
pass
raise Exception('Can not determine number of CPUs on this system')