centos下mysql常用的三种备份方法_centos下mysql最新版终于安装成功！备份一下几个关键地方_MySQL...

CentOS

我本来只是为了搭建简单的LAMP环境，亲自动手，却发现有这么多的问题会发生。(by default7#zbphp.com)

很多地方给的安装Mysql的提示是通过yum一键安装。shell命令如下：

yum install mysqlyum install mysql-serveryum install mysql-devel

但是，这个命令安装的mysql版本很旧，5.1.0x版本的，官网的Mysql已经是 5.6.x版本了。太旧了，记得08年的时候就出了 5.1的版本了。

坚持安装最新版本的，在MYSQL官网下载rpm-.tar安装包，300MB左右。linux64。

[root@localhost mysqlinstall]# ls MySQL-client-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpmMySQL-devel-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpmMySQL-embedded-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpmMySQL-server-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpmMySQL-shared-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpmMySQL-shared-compat-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpmMySQL-test-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm[root@localhost mysqlinstall]# pwd/home/default7@zbphp.com/Downloads/mysqlinstall[root@localhost mysqlinstall]#

但是按照网上(CSDN博客、blogcn博客)一步步提示来安装但是总是各种问题，各种问题，无法运行。

最后尝试了很多遍终于安装成功，正常运行：

[root@localhost /]# yum remove mysqlLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, securitySetting up Remove ProcessNo Match for argument: mysqlLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.163.com * extras: mirrors.163.com * updates: mirrors.163.comPackage(s) mysql available, but not installed.No Packages marked for removal[root@localhost /]# yum remove mysql-serverLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, securitySetting up Remove ProcessResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package MySQL-server.x86_64 0:5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5 will be erased--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size================================================================================Removing: MySQL-server x86_64 5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5 installed 248 MTransaction Summary================================================================================Remove 1 Package(s)Installed size: 248 MIs this ok [y/N]: yDownloading Packages:Running rpm_check_debugRunning Transaction TestTransaction Test SucceededRunning Transaction Erasing : MySQL-server-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : MySQL-server-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64 1/1 Removed: MySQL-server.x86_64 0:5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5 Complete![root@localhost /]# yum remove MySQL-*Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, securitySetting up Remove ProcessResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package MySQL-devel.x86_64 0:5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5 will be erased---> Package MySQL-shared.x86_64 0:5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5 will be erased---> Package MySQL-shared-compat.x86_64 0:5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5 will be erased--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16()(64bit) for package: perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) for package: perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64--> Running transaction check---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.013-3.el6 will be erased--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size================================================================================Removing: MySQL-devel x86_64 5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5 installed 17 M MySQL-shared x86_64 5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5 @/MySQL-shared-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64 7.8 M MySQL-shared-compat x86_64 5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5 @/MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64 11 MRemoving for dependencies: perl-DBD-MySQL x86_64 4.013-3.el6 @base 338 kTransaction Summary================================================================================Remove 4 Package(s)Installed size: 36 MIs this ok [y/N]: yDownloading Packages:Running rpm_check_debugRunning Transaction TestTransaction Test SucceededRunning Transaction Erasing : MySQL-devel-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64 1/4 Erasing : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64 2/4 Erasing : MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64 3/4 Erasing : MySQL-shared-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64 4/4 Verifying : MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64 1/4 Verifying : MySQL-devel-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64 2/4 Verifying : MySQL-shared-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64 3/4 Verifying : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64 4/4 Removed: MySQL-devel.x86_64 0:5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5 MySQL-shared.x86_64 0:5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5 MySQL-shared-compat.x86_64 0:5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5 Dependency Removed: perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.013-3.el6 Complete![root@localhost /]# yum remove MySQL-*Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, securitySetting up Remove ProcessNo Match for argument: MySQL-*Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.163.com * extras: mirrors.163.com * updates: mirrors.163.comPackage(s) MySQL-* available, but not installed.No Packages marked for removal[root@localhost /]# whereis mysqlmysql: /usr/lib64/mysql[root@localhost /]# which mysql/usr/bin/which: no mysql in (/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/home/default7/bin)[root@localhost /]# yum remove MySQL-sharedLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, securitySetting up Remove ProcessNo Match for argument: MySQL-sharedLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.163.com * extras: mirrors.163.com * updates: mirrors.163.comNo Packages marked for removal[root@localhost /]# whereis mysqlmysql: /usr/lib64/mysql[root@localhost /]# which mysql/usr/bin/which: no mysql in (/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/home/default7/bin)[root@localhost /]# yum remove MySQL-testLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, securitySetting up Remove ProcessNo Match for argument: MySQL-testLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.btte.net * extras: mirrors.btte.net * updates: mirrors.btte.netPackage(s) MySQL-test available, but not installed.No Packages marked for removal[root@localhost /]# clear

其实我一直不断的重新安装，总是问题，无法启动或者报错，原因在与第一次安装步骤不正确，然后接下来不断的重装。

但是并没有彻底卸载干净。rpm -e Mysql 这个似乎区分大小写，而我一开始直接删除文件夹来卸载，后来用 rpm -e -nodeps mysql来卸载，但是还是有残留。

最后是用的yum remove mysql ,mysql-server,mysql-shared 来卸载，为了卸载干净，之后，将所有文件夹中有mysql的删除掉。然后再重新安装。

[root@localhost mysqlinstall]# lsMySQL-client-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpmMySQL-devel-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpmMySQL-embedded-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpmMySQL-server-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpmMySQL-shared-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpmMySQL-shared-compat-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpmMySQL-test-5.6.19-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm[root@localhost mysqlinstall]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-*.rpmPreparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:MySQL-server ########################################### [100%][root@localhost mysqlinstall]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-*.rpmPreparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:MySQL-client ########################################### [100%][root@localhost mysqlinstall]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-*.rpmPreparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:MySQL-devel ########################################### [100%][root@localhost mysqlinstall]# service mysql status ERROR! MySQL is not running[root@localhost mysqlinstall]# service mysql startStarting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

修改设置密码，原始密码在/root/这个文件夹里面，ls -a可以看到一个mysql的文件，里面有原始密码：

mysql> show databases;ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must SET PASSWORD before executing this statementmysql> select user();ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must SET PASSWORD before executing this statementmysql> set password=password('zbphp.com');Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> show user();ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'user()' at line 1mysql> select user();+----------------+| user() |+----------------+| root@localhost |+----------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql || performance_schema || test |+--------------------+4 rows in set (0.01 sec)mysql> select version();+-----------+| version() |+-----------+| 5.6.19 |+-----------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql>