java跟python很类似_Java中类似Python的列表理解

Since Java doesn't allow passing methods as parameters, what trick do you use to implement Python like list comprehension in Java ?

I have a list (ArrayList) of Strings. I need to transform each element by using a function so that I get another list. I have several functions which take a String as input and return another String as output. How do I make a generic method which can be given the list and the function as parameters so that I can get a list back with each element processed. It is not possible in the literal sense, but what trick should I use ?

The other option is to write a new function for each smaller String-processing function which simply loops over the entire list, which is kinda not so cool.

解决方案

Basically, you create a Function interface:

public interface Func {

public Out apply(In in);

}

and then pass in an anonymous subclass to your method.

Your method could either apply the function to each element in-place:

public static void applyToListInPlace(List list, Func f) {

ListIterator itr = list.listIterator();

while (itr.hasNext()) {

T output = f.apply(itr.next());

itr.set(output);

}

}

// ...

List myList = ...;

applyToListInPlace(myList, new Func() {

public String apply(String in) {

return in.toLowerCase();

}

});

or create a new List (basically creating a mapping from the input list to the output list):

public static List map(List in, Func f) {

List out = new ArrayList(in.size());

for (In inObj : in) {

out.add(f.apply(inObj));

}

return out;

}

// ...

List myList = ...;

List lowerCased = map(myList, new Func() {

public String apply(String in) {

return in.toLowerCase();

}

});

Which one is preferable depends on your use case. If your list is extremely large, the in-place solution may be the only viable one; if you wish to apply many different functions to the same original list to make many derivative lists, you will want the map version.