php实现二级导航栏遍历,[MySQL]实现树形的遍历（关于多级菜单栏以及多级上下部门的查询问题）_MySQL...

[MySQL]实现树形的遍历(关于多级菜单栏以及多级上下部门的查询问题)_MySQL原创2016-06-01 13:02:370450

前言：

关于多级别菜单栏或者权限系统中部门上下级的树形遍历，oracle中有connect by来实现，mysql没有这样的便捷途径，所以MySQL遍历数据表是我们经常会遇到的头痛问题，下面通过存储过程来实现。

1，建立测试表和数据：

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS csdn.channel;

CREATE TABLE csdn.channel (

id INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

cname VARCHAR(200) DEFAULT NULL,

parent_id INT(11) DEFAULT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (id)

) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO channel(id,cname,parent_id)

VALUES (13,'首页',-1),

(14,'TV580',-1),

(15,'生活580',-1),

(16,'左上幻灯片',13),

(17,'帮忙',14),

(18,'栏目简介',17);

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS channel;

2，利用临时表和递归过程实现树的遍历(mysql的UDF不能递归调用)：

2.1，从某节点向下遍历子节点，递归生成临时表数据-- pro_cre_childlist

DELIMITER $$

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS csdn.pro_cre_childlist$$

CREATE PROCEDURE csdn.pro_cre_childlist(IN rootId INT,IN nDepth INT)

BEGIN

DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0;

DECLARE b INT;

DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR SELECT id FROM channel WHERE parent_id=rootId;

DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1;

SET max_sp_recursion_depth=12;

INSERT INTO tmpLst VALUES (NULL,rootId,nDepth);

OPEN cur1;

FETCH cur1 INTO b;

WHILE done=0 DO

CALL pro_cre_childlist(b,nDepth+1);

FETCH cur1 INTO b;

END WHILE;

CLOSE cur1;

END$$

2.2，从某节点向上追溯根节点，递归生成临时表数据-- pro_cre_parentlist

DELIMITER $$

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS csdn.pro_cre_parentlist$$

CREATE PROCEDURE csdn.pro_cre_parentlist(IN rootId INT,IN nDepth INT)

BEGIN

DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0;

DECLARE b INT;

DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR SELECT parent_id FROM channel WHERE id=rootId;

DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1;

SET max_sp_recursion_depth=12;

INSERT INTO tmpLst VALUES (NULL,rootId,nDepth);

OPEN cur1;

FETCH cur1 INTO b;

WHILE done=0 DO

CALL pro_cre_parentlist(b,nDepth+1);

FETCH cur1 INTO b;

END WHILE;

CLOSE cur1;

END$$

2.3，实现类似Oracle SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH的功能，递归过程输出某节点id路径-- pro_cre_pathlist

DELIMITER $$

USE csdn$$

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS pro_cre_pathlist$$

CREATE PROCEDURE pro_cre_pathlist(IN nid INT,IN delimit VARCHAR(10),INOUT pathstr VARCHAR(1000))

BEGIN

DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0;

DECLARE parentid INT DEFAULT 0;

DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR

SELECT t.parent_id,CONCAT(CAST(t.parent_id AS CHAR),delimit,pathstr)

FROM channel AS t WHERE t.id = nid;

DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1;

SET max_sp_recursion_depth=12;

OPEN cur1;

FETCH cur1 INTO parentid,pathstr;

WHILE done=0 DO

CALL pro_cre_pathlist(parentid,delimit,pathstr);

FETCH cur1 INTO parentid,pathstr;

END WHILE;

CLOSE cur1;

END$$

DELIMITER ;

2.4，递归过程输出某节点name路径-- pro_cre_pnlist

DELIMITER $$

USE csdn$$

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS pro_cre_pnlist$$

CREATE PROCEDURE pro_cre_pnlist(IN nid INT,IN delimit VARCHAR(10),INOUT pathstr VARCHAR(1000))

BEGIN

DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0;

DECLARE parentid INT DEFAULT 0;

DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR

SELECT t.parent_id,CONCAT(t.cname,delimit,pathstr)

FROM channel AS t WHERE t.id = nid;

DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1;

SET max_sp_recursion_depth=12;

OPEN cur1;

FETCH cur1 INTO parentid,pathstr;

WHILE done=0 DO

CALL pro_cre_pnlist(parentid,delimit,pathstr);

FETCH cur1 INTO parentid,pathstr;

END WHILE;

CLOSE cur1;

END$$

DELIMITER ;

2.5，调用函数输出id路径-- fn_tree_path

DELIMITER $$

DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS csdn.fn_tree_path$$

CREATE FUNCTION csdn.fn_tree_path(nid INT,delimit VARCHAR(10)) RETURNS VARCHAR(2000) CHARSET utf8

BEGIN

DECLARE pathid VARCHAR(1000);

SET @pathid=CAST(nid AS CHAR);

CALL pro_cre_pathlist(nid,delimit,@pathid);

RETURN @pathid;

END$$

2.6，调用函数输出name路径-- fn_tree_pathname

-- 调用函数输出name路径

DELIMITER $$

DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS csdn.fn_tree_pathname$$

CREATE FUNCTION csdn.fn_tree_pathname(nid INT,delimit VARCHAR(10)) RETURNS VARCHAR(2000) CHARSET utf8

BEGIN

DECLARE pathid VARCHAR(1000);

SET @pathid='';

CALL pro_cre_pnlist(nid,delimit,@pathid);

RETURN @pathid;

END$$

DELIMITER ;

2.7，调用过程输出子节点-- pro_show_childLst

DELIMITER $$

-- 调用过程输出子节点

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS pro_show_childLst$$

CREATE PROCEDURE pro_show_childLst(IN rootId INT)

BEGIN

DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS tmpLst;

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tmpLst

(sno INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,id INT,depth INT);

CALL pro_cre_childlist(rootId,0);

SELECT channel.id,CONCAT(SPACE(tmpLst.depth*2),'--',channel.cname) NAME,channel.parent_id,tmpLst.depth,fn_tree_path(channel.id,'/') path,fn_tree_pathname(channel.id,'/') pathname

FROM tmpLst,channel WHERE tmpLst.id=channel.id ORDER BY tmpLst.sno;

END$$

2.8，调用过程输出父节点-- pro_show_parentLst

DELIMITER $$

-- 调用过程输出父节点

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `pro_show_parentLst`$$

CREATE PROCEDURE `pro_show_parentLst`(IN rootId INT)

BEGIN

DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS tmpLst;

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tmpLst

(sno INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,id INT,depth INT);

CALL pro_cre_parentlist(rootId,0);

SELECT channel.id,CONCAT(SPACE(tmpLst.depth*2),'--',channel.cname) NAME,channel.parent_id,tmpLst.depth,fn_tree_path(channel.id,'/') path,fn_tree_pathname(channel.id,'/') pathname

FROM tmpLst,channel WHERE tmpLst.id=channel.id ORDER BY tmpLst.sno;

END$$

3，开始测试：

3.1，从根节点开始显示，显示子节点集合：mysql> CALL pro_show_childLst(-1);

+----+-----------------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+

| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |

+----+-----------------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+

| 13 | --首页 | -1 | 1 | -1/13 | 首页/ |

| 16 | --左上幻灯片 | 13 | 2 | -1/13/16 | 首页/左上幻灯片/ |

| 14 | --TV580 | -1 | 1 | -1/14 | TV580/ |

| 17 | --帮忙 | 14 | 2 | -1/14/17 | TV580/帮忙/ |

| 18 | --栏目简介 | 17 | 3 | -1/14/17/18 | TV580/帮忙/栏目简介/ |

| 15 | --生活580 | -1 | 1 | -1/15 | 生活580/ |

+----+-----------------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+

6 rows in set (0.05 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

3.2，显示首页下面的子节点CALL pro_show_childLst(13);

mysql> CALL pro_show_childLst(13);

+----+---------------------+-----------+-------+----------+-------------------------+

| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |

+----+---------------------+-----------+-------+----------+-------------------------+

| 13 | --首页 | -1 | 0 | -1/13 | 首页/ |

| 16 | --左上幻灯片 | 13 | 1 | -1/13/16 | 首页/左上幻灯片/ |

+----+---------------------+-----------+-------+----------+-------------------------+

2 rows in set (0.02 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql>

3.3，显示TV580下面的所有子节点CALL pro_show_childLst(14);

mysql> CALL pro_show_childLst(14);

+----+--------------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+

| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |

+----+--------------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+

| 14 | --TV580 | -1 | 0 | -1/14 | TV580/ |

| 17 | --帮忙 | 14 | 1 | -1/14/17 | TV580/帮忙/ |

| 18 | --栏目简介 | 17 | 2 | -1/14/17/18 | TV580/帮忙/栏目简介/ |

+----+--------------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+

3 rows in set (0.02 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql>

3.4，“帮忙”节点有一个子节点，显示出来：CALL pro_show_childLst(17);

mysql> CALL pro_show_childLst(17);

+----+------------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+

| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |

+----+------------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+

| 17 | --帮忙 | 14 | 0 | -1/14/17 | TV580/帮忙/ |

| 18 | --栏目简介 | 17 | 1 | -1/14/17/18 | TV580/帮忙/栏目简介/ |

+----+------------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+

2 rows in set (0.03 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql>

3.5，“栏目简介”没有子节点，所以只显示最终节点：mysql> CALL pro_show_childLst(18);

+----+----------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+

| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |

+----+----------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+

| 18 | --栏目简介 | 17 | 0 | -1/14/17/18 | TV580/帮忙/栏目简介/ |

+----+----------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+

1 row in set (0.36 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.36 sec)

mysql>

3.6，显示根节点的父节点CALL pro_show_parentLst(-1);

mysql> CALL pro_show_parentLst(-1);

Empty set (0.01 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql>

3.7，显示“首页”的父节点CALL pro_show_parentLst(13);

mysql> CALL pro_show_parentLst(13);

+----+----------+-----------+-------+-------+----------+

| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |

+----+----------+-----------+-------+-------+----------+

| 13 | --首页 | -1 | 0 | -1/13 | 首页/ |

+----+----------+-----------+-------+-------+----------+

1 row in set (0.02 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql>

3.8，显示“TV580”的父节点，parent_id为-1CALL pro_show_parentLst(14);

mysql> CALL pro_show_parentLst(14);

+----+---------+-----------+-------+-------+----------+

| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |

+----+---------+-----------+-------+-------+----------+

| 14 | --TV580 | -1 | 0 | -1/14 | TV580/ |

+----+---------+-----------+-------+-------+----------+

1 row in set (0.02 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

3.9，显示“帮忙”节点的父节点mysql>

CALL pro_show_parentLst(17);

mysql> CALL pro_show_parentLst(17);

+----+-----------+-----------+-------+----------+---------------+

| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |

+----+-----------+-----------+-------+----------+---------------+

| 17 | --帮忙 | 14 | 0 | -1/14/17 | TV580/帮忙/ |

| 14 | --TV580 | -1 | 1 | -1/14 | TV580/ |

+----+-----------+-----------+-------+----------+---------------+

2 rows in set (0.02 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql>

3.10，显示最低层节点“栏目简介”的父节点CALL pro_show_parentLst(18);

mysql> CALL pro_show_parentLst(18);

+----+----------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+

| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |

+----+----------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+

| 18 | --栏目简介 | 17 | 0 | -1/14/17/18 | TV580/帮忙/栏目简介/ |

| 17 | --帮忙 | 14 | 1 | -1/14/17 | TV580/帮忙/ |

| 14 | --TV580 | -1 | 2 | -1/14 | TV580/ |

+----+----------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+

3 rows in set (0.02 sec)

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql>

参考网址：http://jan.kneschke.de/projects/mysql/sp/sp_tree.sql

http://blog.csdn.net/ylqmf/article/details/5172901

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