python jsonpath_Python-Jsonpath

python解析json时使用jsonpath包

XpathJSONPath描述

/

$

跟节点

.

@

现行节点

/

. or []

取子节点

..

n/a

就是不管位置，选择所有符合条件的条件

*

*

匹配所有元素节点

[]

[]

迭代器标示(可以在里面做简单的迭代操作，如数组下标，根据内容选值等)

|

[,]

支持迭代器中做多选

[]

?()

支持过滤操作

n/a

()

支持表达式计算

()

n/a

分组，JsonPath不支持

导入包

pip install jsonpath

使用json例子

shop={"store": {"book": [

{"category": "reference","author": "Nigel Rees","title": "Sayings of the Century","price": 8.95},

{"category": "fiction","author": "Evelyn Waugh","title": "Sword of Honour","price": 12.99},

{"category": "fiction","author": "Herman Melville","title": "Moby Dick","isbn": "0-553-21311-3","price": 8.99},

{"category": "fiction","author": "J. R. R. Tolkien","title": "The Lord of the Rings","isbn": "0-395-19395-8","price": 22.99}

],"bicycle": {"color": "red","price": 19.95}

},"expensive": 10}

loads方法是把json字符串转化为python对象，dumps方法是把pyhon对象转化为json字符串

如果是从文件中读入的字符串则要先转为python对象使用loads方法，

importjsonimportjsonpath as jp

f=''

for line in open('D:\VSpython\json\j1.txt', 'r'): #打开文件

rs = line.rstrip('\n') #移除行尾换行符

f=f+rs

str=json.loads(f)

现在对str使用jsonpath()方法解析数据，方法2个参数：一个是被解析的对象shop，一个是解析的路径re

re='$..book[0].*'rst=jp.jsonpath(shop,re)

json结构表示：K:V

re解读：

re='$.store.bicycle.color'

表示根下  store ：V里面的bicyce   bicyce:V的color

re='$..book'

表示根以下的K=book的键值对，返回来book的V即book:后面所有的字符，注意还包含[]数组的符号

re='$..book.*'

返回了book数组的所有的值，注意这次少了[]

re='$..book[0]'

因为book的V是个数组，所以book[0]表示该数组的一个值。

re='$..book[0].*'

表示数组第一个值里的所有V

re='$..book[0].price'

数组第一个值的price的V即

综上：jsonpath()函数返回构建的re(构建的re为一个K)的V。

当没有匹配的值是返回false。

完整示例

importjsonimportjsonpath as jp

data1= {'foo': [{'baz': 'news'}, {'baz': 'music'}]}

shop={"store": {"book": [

{"category": "reference","author": "Nigel Rees","title": "Sayings of the Century","price": 8.95},

{"category": "fiction","author": "Evelyn Waugh","title": "Sword of Honour","price": 12.99},

{"category": "fiction","author": "Herman Melville","title": "Moby Dick","isbn": "0-553-21311-3","price": 8.99},

{"category": "fiction","author": "J. R. R. Tolkien","title": "The Lord of the Rings","isbn": "0-395-19395-8","price": 22.99}

],"bicycle": {"color": "red","price": 19.95}

},"expensive": 10}#ss=json.loads(shop)

rows=len(shop["store"]["book"])#用字典取

for i inrange(0,rows):

re='$..book['+str(i)+'].'rst=jp.jsonpath(shop,re)

cc=rst[0]print(cc["title"])#数组一个一个取得#for i in range(0,rows):#re='$..book['+str(i)+'].*'#rst=jp.jsonpath(shop,re)

#for j in range(0,len(rst)):#print(rst[j])