Django中间件

一、中间件的使用及生命周期

1.1中间件正常的生命周期

1.2 不正常的情况

二、编写类

1、可以写在任意的目录：自定义的类、继承一个类**（推荐）**

from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin

class KeLaMiddleware(MiddlewareMixin):

    def process_request(self, request):
        # request是请求相关所有的数据
        pass

    def process_view(self, request, view, *args, **kwargs):
        # request是请求相关所有的数据； view是试图函数； 路由参数*args, **kwargs
        pass

    def process_response(self, request, response):
        # request是请求相关所有的数据
        # response是试图函数返回的那个对象（封装了要返回到用户浏览器的所有数据）
        return response

from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin
class KeLaMiddleware(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_request(self, request):
        # request是请求相关所有的数据
        pass
    def process_view(self, request, view, *args, **kwargs):
        # request是请求相关所有的数据； view是试图函数； 路由参数*args, **kwargs
        pass
    def process_response(self, request, response):
        # request是请求相关所有的数据
        # response是试图函数返回的那个对象（封装了要返回到用户浏览器的所有数据）
        return response

2、注册

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    "utils.md.KeLaMiddleware"
]
# 动态导入 + 反射

3、测试

from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin


class KeLaMiddleware(MiddlewareMixin):

    def process_request(self, request):
        print("KeLa.process_request")

    def process_view(self, request, view, *args, **kwargs):
        # *args 路由中没有定义名字的路由参数
        # **kwargs ,路由中有参数的路由所带的参数
        print("KeLa.process_view",view, *args, **kwargs)

    def process_response(self, request, response):
        print("KeLa.process_response")
        return response

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse


def x1(request):
    print("视图.x1")
    return HttpResponse("x1")


def x2(request, v1):
    print("视图.x2", v1)
    return HttpResponse("x2")


urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('x1/', x1),
    path('x2/<int:v1>/', x2),
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    "utils.md.KeLaMiddleware"
]

https://www.cnblogs.com/Neeo/articles/14269422.html#django%E7%9A%84%E7%BC%93%E5%AD%98%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1cache