mysql二进制包安装mysql_二进制包安装mysql

mysql二进制安装部署

1.去官网下载包后上传到服务器

#选择合适的目录上传

[root@localhost ~]# ls

anaconda-ks.cfg mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@localhost ~]# ll

total 644556

-rw-------. 1 root root 1260 Dec 29 06:46 anaconda-ks.cfg

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 660017902 Jan 25 21:52 mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2.创建mysql使用的用户

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -u 306 -g 306 mysql

[root@localhost ~]# id mysql

uid=306(mysql) gid=306(mysql) groups=306(mysql)

3.解压到指定安装目录，重命名

#解压到/usr/local

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/

bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 sbin share src

重命名，或者为了保留版本号也可以创建软连接，两种都可以

#重命名的方式

[root@localhost ~]# mv /usr/local/mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql

#创建软连接的方式

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local

[root@localhost ~]# ln -s mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

4.创建数据存放目录

这里选择/data/mysqldata作为数据目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysqldata

#顺带创建日志存放目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /var/log/mysql

5.对相关目录更改属主和属组

[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysqldata/

[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/

[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /var/log/mysql/

6.添加环境变量

[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

[root@localhost ~]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

[root@localhost ~]# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf

[root@localhost ~]# ldconfig

[root@localhost ~]# echo $PATH

/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

7.初始化数据库

[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysqldata/

2021-01-26T03:15:29.840234Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

2021-01-26T03:15:31.180734Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790

2021-01-26T03:15:31.340483Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.

2021-01-26T03:15:31.418839Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: bf4473b5-5f84-11eb-9f2b-000c290c7222.

2021-01-26T03:15:31.419954Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.

2021-01-26T03:15:32.091055Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.

2021-01-26T03:15:32.277964Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.

#--initialize-insecure因为这里初始化的是空密码,将后面-insecure去掉应该会生产初始密码的随机字符串(没有尝试过)

#初始化之后mysql的数据目录会 生成一些文件

[root@localhost ~]# ll /data/mysqldata/

total 110660

-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 56 Jan 25 22:15 auto.cnf

-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 1680 Jan 25 22:15 ca-key.pem

-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1112 Jan 25 22:15 ca.pem

-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1112 Jan 25 22:15 client-cert.pem

-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 1680 Jan 25 22:15 client-key.pem

-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 425 Jan 25 22:15 ib_buffer_pool

-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Jan 25 22:15 ibdata1

-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Jan 25 22:15 ib_logfile0

-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Jan 25 22:15 ib_logfile1

drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jan 25 22:15 mysql

drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 8192 Jan 25 22:15 performance_schema

-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 1676 Jan 25 22:15 private_key.pem

-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 452 Jan 25 22:15 public_key.pem

-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1112 Jan 25 22:15 server-cert.pem

-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 1680 Jan 25 22:15 server-key.pem

drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 8192 Jan 25 22:15 sys

8.编写配置文件my.cnf

[mysqld]#服务端

basedir = /usr/local/mysql#软件安装目录

datadir = /data/mysqldata#数据存放目录

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock#socket文件存放位置

port = 3306#默认端口

user = mysql#运行用户

skip-name-resolve#跳过名称解析

max_connections=200 # 允许最大连接数

character-set-server=utf8 # 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集

default-storage-engine=INNODB # 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎

[mysqld_safe]#这行可以不要，可以全部放在mysqld下

log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysql.log #错误日志

pid-file = /data/mysqldata/mysql.pid#pid文件位置

[mysql] #客户端

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock #客户端socket文件存放位置

default-character-set=utf8 # 设置mysql客户端默认字符集

9.配置启动方式

centos6启动脚本

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/

[root@localhost mysql]# ls

bin docs include lib LICENSE man README share support-files

[root@localhost mysql]# cd support-files/

[root@localhost support-files]# ls

magic mysqld_multi.server mysql-log-rotate mysql.server

#复制到/etc/init.d/下

[root@localhost support-files]# cp -a mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

#编辑该启动文件，在46行左右，写上安装目录和数据目录的路径

[root@localhost support-files]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld

······

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/data/mysqldata

······

测试

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start

Starting MySQL.Logging to '/var/log/mysql/mysql.log'.

. SUCCESS!

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld status

SUCCESS! MySQL running (22192)

[root@localhost ~]# ss -tanl

State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port

LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*

LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*

LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:*

LISTEN 0 80 [::]:3306 [::]:*

LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*

[root@localhost ~]# mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.7.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> \q

Bye

#关闭查看

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld stop

Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld status

ERROR! MySQL is not running

[root@localhost ~]# ss -tanl

State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port

LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*

LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*

LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:*

LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*

centos7配置启动脚本

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service

[Unit]

Description=MySQL Server

Documentation=man:mysqld(8)

Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html

After=network.target

After=syslog.target

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

[Service]

User=mysql

Group=mysql

PIDFile=/data/mysqldata/mysql.pid

# Disable service start and stop timeout logic of systemd for mysqld service.

TimeoutSec=0

# Execute pre and post scripts as root

PermissionsStartOnly=true

# Needed to create system tables

#ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd

# Start main service

ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/data/mysqldata/mysql.pid

# Use this to switch malloc implementation

#EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql

# Sets open_files_limit

LimitNOFILE = 5000

#Restart=on-failure

#RestartPreventExitStatus=1

#PrivateTmp=false

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload

[root@db01 /etc/systemd/system]# systemctl start mysqld.service

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld

[root@localhost ~]# ss -tanl

State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port

LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*

LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*

LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:*

LISTEN 0 80 [::]:3306 [::]:*

LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop mysqld

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# ss -tanl

State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port

LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*

LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*

LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:*

LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable mysqld

Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.