本文基于Raspberry Pi 3B，探讨USB子系统的设备模型和拓扑结构。通过日志分析，详细解释了USB host controller、roothub、hub端口编号以及设备连接情况，展示了树莓派USB系统拓扑的全貌。
【注释】以下实验基于 RaspberryPi 3B。
参考 “树莓派官网”对 USB 子系统的描述如下：
The number and type of USB ports on Raspberry Pi depends on the model. The Raspberry Pi Model B is equipped with two USB 2.0 ports; the B+, 2B, 3B and 3B+ have four USB 2.0 ports. The Pi 4 has two USB 2.0 ports and two USB 3.0 ports. In all models prior to the Pi 4, the USB ports connect to a combo hub/Ethernet chip, which is itself a USB device connected to the single upstream USB port on BCM2835. On the Pi 4, the USB hub chip is connected to the SoC using a PCIe bus.
怎么理解这段话呢，我们可以首先查看 Raspbian（Linux）的设备模型 。执行如下命令：
ls /sys/bus/usb/devices 或者
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