SpringCloud Gateway——服务化路由

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-29 12:35:16 发布

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文章标签： spring cloud gateway java 服务发现

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39544175/article/details/127252713

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SpringCloud Gateway——集成服务发现实现服务化路由

1. 前言

在Nacos——服务订阅一文中分析了Gateway集成Nacos服务发现实现服务化路由的流程，流程图如下：

在这里插入图片描述

集成服务发现实现服务化路由的实质是，通过服务发现周期性订阅服务对应的实例地址，通过服务编码和负载均衡算法从实例地址中筛选一个目标地址，最后根据目标地址ip发起http请求。

接下来通过源码具体分析

2. 源码分析

1. 获取服务对应的实例

LoadBalancerClientFilter是个全局过滤器，顺序比上篇文章中的请求转发过滤器NettyRoutingFilter小，则在转发过滤器之前执行，所以从这里也可以看出服务化路由是根据服务获取对应的实例ip，然后进行转发。

LoadBalancerClientFilter

@Override
@SuppressWarnings("Duplicates")
public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
    URI url = exchange.getAttribute(GATEWAY_REQUEST_URL_ATTR);
    String schemePrefix = exchange.getAttribute(GATEWAY_SCHEME_PREFIX_ATTR);
    // 只处理lb协议的转发
    if (url == null
        || (!"lb".equals(url.getScheme()) && !"lb".equals(schemePrefix))) {
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }
    // preserve the original url
    addOriginalRequestUrl(exchange, url);

    if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
        log.trace("LoadBalancerClientFilter url before: " + url);
    }

    // 根据服务获取实例
    final ServiceInstance instance = choose(exchange);

    if (instance == null) {
        throw NotFoundException.create(properties.isUse404(),
                                       "Unable to find instance for " + url.getHost());
    }

    URI uri = exchange.getRequest().getURI();

    // if the `lb:<scheme>` mechanism was used, use `<scheme>` as the default,
    // if the loadbalancer doesn't provide one.
    String overrideScheme = instance.isSecure() ? "https" : "http";
    if (schemePrefix != null) {
        overrideScheme = url.getScheme();
    }

    // 将lb替换成http，后面接实例的ip
    URI requestUrl = loadBalancer.reconstructURI(
        new DelegatingServiceInstance(instance, overrideScheme), uri);

    if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
        log.trace("LoadBalancerClientFilter url chosen: " + requestUrl);
    }

    // GATEWAY_REQUEST_URL_ATTR属性替换成真正请求的http路径
    exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_REQUEST_URL_ATTR, requestUrl);
    return chain.filter(exchange);
}

这个过滤器的逻辑，就是从服务发现中获取对应服务的实例，替换GATEWAY_REQUEST_URL_ATTR属性为实例ip。

重点关注choose()选择实例逻辑，根据上面流程图跟踪代码可知，最终从BaseLoadBalancer.allServerList属性获取所有实例，然后再根据负载均衡策略进行筛选。

2. 何处保存实例到allServerList

在启动的时候会初始化DynamicServerListLoadBalancer

DynamicServerListLoadBalancer

public DynamicServerListLoadBalancer(IClientConfig clientConfig) {
    this.isSecure = false;
    this.useTunnel = false;
    this.serverListUpdateInProgress = new AtomicBoolean(false);

    // 更新实例任务
    class NamelessClass_1 implements UpdateAction {
        NamelessClass_1() {
        }

        public void doUpdate() {
            DynamicServerListLoadBalancer.this.updateListOfServers();
        }
    }

    this.updateAction = new NamelessClass_1();
    this.initWithNiwsConfig(clientConfig);
}

public void initWithNiwsConfig(IClientConfig clientConfig) {
    try {
        super.initWithNiwsConfig(clientConfig);
        String niwsServerListClassName = clientConfig.getPropertyAsString(CommonClientConfigKey.NIWSServerListClassName, "com.netflix.loadbalancer.ConfigurationBasedServerList");
        ServerList<T> niwsServerListImpl = (ServerList)ClientFactory.instantiateInstanceWithClientConfig(niwsServerListClassName, clientConfig);
        this.serverListImpl = niwsServerListImpl;
        if (niwsServerListImpl instanceof AbstractServerList) {
            AbstractServerListFilter<T> niwsFilter = ((AbstractServerList)niwsServerListImpl).getFilterImpl(clientConfig);
            niwsFilter.setLoadBalancerStats(this.getLoadBalancerStats());
            this.filter = niwsFilter;
        }

        String serverListUpdaterClassName = clientConfig.getPropertyAsString(CommonClientConfigKey.ServerListUpdaterClassName, "com.netflix.loadbalancer.PollingServerListUpdater");
        this.serverListUpdater = (ServerListUpdater)ClientFactory.instantiateInstanceWithClientConfig(serverListUpdaterClassName, clientConfig);
        this.restOfInit(clientConfig);
    } catch (Exception var5) {
        throw new RuntimeException("Exception while initializing NIWSDiscoveryLoadBalancer:" + clientConfig.getClientName() + ", niwsClientConfig:" + clientConfig, var5);
    }
}

void restOfInit(IClientConfig clientConfig) {
    boolean primeConnection = this.isEnablePrimingConnections();
    this.setEnablePrimingConnections(false);
    // 开启定时任务周期性更新实例
    this.enableAndInitLearnNewServersFeature();
    // 初始化实例
    this.updateListOfServers();
    if (primeConnection && this.getPrimeConnections() != null) {
        this.getPrimeConnections().primeConnections(this.getReachableServers());
    }

    this.setEnablePrimingConnections(primeConnection);
    LOGGER.info("DynamicServerListLoadBalancer for client {} initialized: {}", clientConfig.getClientName(), this.toString());
}

该构造方法中主要做了更新实例任务的定义、初始化实例集合、开启定时任务更新实例。

更新实例任务定义，初始化实例集合：

DynamicServerListLoadBalancer

volatile ServerList<T> serverListImpl;

class NamelessClass_1 implements UpdateAction {
    NamelessClass_1() {
    }

    public void doUpdate() {
        DynamicServerListLoadBalancer.this.updateListOfServers();
    }
}

@VisibleForTesting
public void updateListOfServers() {
    List<T> servers = new ArrayList();
    if (this.serverListImpl != null) {
        // 调用ServerList接口获取所有实例，根据不同的注册中心有不同实现
        servers = this.serverListImpl.getUpdatedListOfServers();
        LOGGER.debug("List of Servers for {} obtained from Discovery client: {}", this.getIdentifier(), servers);
        if (this.filter != null) {
            servers = this.filter.getFilteredListOfServers((List)servers);
            LOGGER.debug("Filtered List of Servers for {} obtained from Discovery client: {}", this.getIdentifier(), servers);
        }
    }

    this.updateAllServerList((List)servers);
}

protected void updateAllServerList(List<T> ls) {
    // CAS防止并发写入
    if (this.serverListUpdateInProgress.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
        try {
            Iterator var2 = ls.iterator();

            while(var2.hasNext()) {
                T s = (Server)var2.next();
                s.setAlive(true);
            }

            // 更新allServerList属性
            this.setServersList(ls);
            super.forceQuickPing();
        } finally {
            this.serverListUpdateInProgress.set(false);
        }
    }

}

ServerList接口根据不同注册中心会有不同实现，比如集成Nacos，实现类为NacosServerList，作用是调用远程服务获取实例。

定时更新allServerList属性：

既然集成服务发现，那就肯定有服务的上下线监听，这里采用定时拉取的方法

DynamicServerListLoadBalancer

protected volatile ServerListUpdater serverListUpdater;

public void enableAndInitLearnNewServersFeature() {
    LOGGER.info("Using serverListUpdater {}", this.serverListUpdater.getClass().getSimpleName());
    // 开启定时任务更新实例
    this.serverListUpdater.start(this.updateAction);
}

public synchronized void start(final UpdateAction updateAction) {
    if (this.isActive.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
        Runnable wrapperRunnable = new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                if (!PollingServerListUpdater.this.isActive.get()) {
                    if (PollingServerListUpdater.this.scheduledFuture != null) {
                        PollingServerListUpdater.this.scheduledFuture.cancel(true);
                    }

                } else {
                    try {
                        // 调用updateListOfServers()
                        updateAction.doUpdate();
                        PollingServerListUpdater.this.lastUpdated = System.currentTimeMillis();
                    } catch (Exception var2) {
                        PollingServerListUpdater.logger.warn("Failed one update cycle", var2);
                    }

                }
            }
        };
        // 开启定时任务线程池
        this.scheduledFuture = getRefreshExecutor().scheduleWithFixedDelay(wrapperRunnable, this.initialDelayMs, this.refreshIntervalMs, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
    } else {
        logger.info("Already active, no-op");
    }

}