python3 image not found_Mac OS X下修复Reason: image not found

Mac OS X下python环境下安装MySQL-python, 使用是报错

>>> import MySQLdb

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 19, in

import _mysql

ImportError: dlopen(/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so, 2): Library not loaded: libmysqlclient.18.dylib

Referenced from: /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so

Reason: image not found

基本思路就是

_mysql.so如何找libmysqlclient.18.dylib

% otool -L /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so

/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so:

libmysqlclient.18.dylib (compatibility version 18.0.0, current version 18.0.0)

/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 169.3.0)

libmysqlclient.18.dylib没有路径信息, 修复

% sudo install_name_tool -change libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so

修复后, 查看:

% otool -L /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so

/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so:

/usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib (compatibility version 18.0.0, current version 18.0.0)

/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 169.3.0)

使用brew安装的mysql, 而且是5.7版本, dylib的位置是:

/usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.20.dylib

修复的方式是(dylib换成自己环境的位置):

sudo install_name_tool -change libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so /usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.20.dylib

如果用虚拟环境, 每个环境都需要类似的执行一次, 有点麻烦, 暂时我想到的解决方式是使用脚本(fix-mysql-python.sh), shell代码如下:

PACKAGES_PATH=`python -c "from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib; print(get_python_lib())"`

echo $PACKAGES_PATH

install_name_tool -change libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.20.dylib $PACKAGES_PATH/_mysql.so

echo "fix MySQL-python finish"