paxos算法_学习分布式共识算法

如果你从事服务端开发，在互联网规模越来越大的今天，你或多或少会接触一些“分布式”相关的东西，而共识算法作为分布式系统的基石，却不是那么容易理解和实现的。paxos 论文晦涩难懂，raft 在具体实现上也有很多细节值得考究。本文收集了一些关于分布式共识算法的资料，中英文都有，愿你 from zero to hero。

“一致性”这个词已经越来越被滥用了，你经常可以在各种博客看到把 paxos 写做是一种“分布式一致性算法”，但 paxos 明确的写着“The Consensus Algorithm”是一种共识算法。阅读： 被误用的“一致性”

理论基础

• 维基百科对“共识”的解释： Wikipedia: Consensus
• 分布式系统中的时序：Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System
• 拜占庭将军问题：Byzantine Generals

Paxos 算法

• Paxos 共识算法论文：Paxos made Simple
• Paxos 的中英文维基都是很好的学习材料：Wikipedia: Paxos
• Raft 作者讲解 Paxos：Paxos lecture (Raft user study)
• Paxos 的原论文：The Part-time Parliament
• Paxos made code: Implementing a high throughput Atomic Broadcast

Paxos 工程实现

• 微信基于 Paxos 的高可用、强一致存储：PaxosStore: High-availability Storage Made Practical in WeChat
• 微信的另一个 Paxos 实现：Tencent/phxpaxos
• ScalienDB: Designing and Implementing a Distributed Database using Paxos
• 500 lines or less: Clustering by Consensus
• Using Paxos to Build a Scalable, Consistent, and Highly Available Datastore

Paxos 变体

• CASPaxos: Replicated State Machines without logs
• Fast Paxos
• Flexible Paxos: Quorum Intersection Revisited
• Stoppable Paxos
• Disk Paxos

Raft 算法

• Raft 官网：The Raft Consensus Algorithm
• Raft 论文：Raft: In Search of an Understandable Consensus Algorithm
• Raft 作者讲解 Raft：Raft lecture (Raft user study)

Raft 工程实现

• etcd
• consul

Chubby

• Chubby 论文：The Chubby Lock Service for Loosely-Coupled Distributed Systems
• Chubby 视频讲解：Camille Fournier on The Chubby lock service for loosely-coupled distributed systems

ZooKeeper

• Zab 论文：Zab: A Simple Totally Ordered Broadcast Protocol
• Zab 的工程实现 ZooKeeper：ZooKeeper: Wait-free coordination for Internet-scale systems

Viewstamped Replication

• Viewstamped Replication: A New Primary Copy Method to Support Highly-Available Distributed Systems
• Viewstamped Replication Revisited
• From Viewstamped Replication to Byzantine Fault Tolerance

其它

• 共识算法简史：A brief history of Consensus, 2PC and Transaction Commit
• Paxos vs Raft: Have we reached consensus on distributed consensus?
• An introduction to distributed systems
• Lessons Learned from Implementing Paxos

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