在平常的生活中,我们会遇到下面这样的情况:
你下载了一个比较大型的游戏(假设有10G),现在想跟你的同学一起玩,你需要把这个游戏拷贝给他。
然后现在有一个问题是文件太大(我们不考虑你有移动硬盘什么的情况),假设现在只有一个2G或4G的优盘,该怎么办呢?
有很多方法,例如winrar压缩的时候分成很多小卷,这里不累述。
在学习python之后,我们自己就可以解决这个问题啦。
我们可以自己写一个脚本去分割合并文件,将文件分割成适合优盘大小的小文件,在拷贝,然后再合并。
下面是文件分割脚本:
1 importsys,os2
3 kilobytes = 1024
4 megabytes = kilobytes*1000
5 chunksize = int(200*megabytes)#default chunksize
6
7 def split(fromfile,todir,chunksize=chunksize):8 if not os.path.exists(todir):#check whether todir exists or not
9 os.mkdir(todir)10 else:11 for fname inos.listdir(todir):12 os.remove(os.path.join(todir,fname))13 partnum =014 inputfile = open(fromfile,'rb')#open the fromfile
15 whileTrue:16 chunk =inputfile.read(chunksize)17 if not chunk: #check the chunk is empty
18 break
19 partnum += 1
20 filename = os.path.join(todir,('part%04d'%partnum))21 fileobj = open(filename,'wb')#make partfile
22 fileobj.write(chunk) #write data into partfile
23 fileobj.close()24 returnpartnum25 if __name__=='__main__':26 fromfile = input('File to be split?')27 todir = input('Directory to store part files?')28 chunksize = int(input('Chunksize to be split?'))29 absfrom,absto =map(os.path.abspath,[fromfile,todir])30 print('Splitting',absfrom,'to',absto,'by',chunksize)31 try:32 parts =split(fromfile,todir,chunksize)33 except:34 print('Error during split:')35 print(sys.exc_info()[0],sys.exc_info()[1])36 else:37 print('split finished:',parts,'parts are in',absto)
下面是脚本运行的例子:
我们在F有一个X—MEN1.rar文件,1.26G大小,我们现在把它分割成400000000bit(大约380M)的文件。
Python 3.4.1 (v3.4.1:c0e311e010fc, May 18 2014, 10:45:13) [MSC v.1600 64bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type"copyright", "credits" or "license()" formore information.>>> ================================ RESTART ================================
>>>File to be split?F:\X-MEN1.rar
Directory to store part files?F:\split
Chunksize to be split?400000000Splitting F:\X-MEN1.rar to F:\split by 400000000split finished:4 parts are inF:\split>>>
这是分割后的文件:
下面是文件合并脚本:
1 importsys,os2
3 defjoinfile(fromdir,filename,todir):4 if notos.path.exists(todir):5 os.mkdir(todir)6 if notos.path.exists(fromdir):7 print('Wrong directory')8 outfile = open(os.path.join(todir,filename),'wb')9 files = os.listdir(fromdir) #list all the part files in the directory
10 files.sort() #sort part files to read in order
11 for file infiles:12 filepath =os.path.join(fromdir,file)13 infile = open(filepath,'rb')14 data =infile.read()15 outfile.write(data)16 infile.close()17 outfile.close()18 if __name__=='__main__':19 fromdir = input('Directory containing part files?')20 filename = input('Name of file to be recreated?')21 todir = input('Directory to store recreated file?')22
23 try:24 joinfile(fromdir,filename,todir)25 except:26 print('Error joining files:')27 print(sys.exc_info()[0],sys.exc_info()[1])
运行合并脚本,将上面分割脚本分割的文件重组:
Python 3.4.1 (v3.4.1:c0e311e010fc, May 18 2014, 10:45:13) [MSC v.1600 64bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type"copyright", "credits" or "license()" formore information.>>> ================================ RESTART ================================
>>>Directory containing part files?F:\split
Name of file to be recreated?xman1.rar
Directory to store recreated file?F:\>>>
运行之后可以看到F盘下生成了重组的xman.rar