本文介绍了Python中如何使用collections.Counter类进行列表之间的减法操作。通过示例展示了如何创建Counter对象，以及如何使用Counter的update、most_common、elements等方法。最后，通过一个具体的例子演示了如何从一个Counter对象中减去另一个Counter对象，并获取结果。
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Python 2.7+和3.0有collections.Counter(又名multiset).文档链接到Recipe 576611: Python 2.5的Counter类:
from operator import itemgetter
from heapq import nlargest
from itertools import repeat, ifilter
class Counter(dict):
'''Dict subclass for counting hashable objects. Sometimes called a bag
or multiset. Elements are stored as dictionary keys and their counts
are stored as dictionary values.
>>> Counter('zyzygy')
Counter({'y': 3, 'z': 2, 'g': 1})
'''
def __init__(self, iterable=None, **kwds):
'''Create a new, empty Counter object. And if given, count elements
from an input iterable. Or, initialize the count from another mapping
of elements to their counts.
>>> c = Counter() # a new, empty counter
>>> c = Counter('gallahad') # a new counter from an iterable
>>> c = Counter({'a': 4, 'b': 2}) # a new counter from a mapping
>>> c = Counter(a=4, b=2) # a new counter from keyword args
'''
self.update(iterable, **kwds)
def __missing__(self, key):
return 0
def most_common(self, n=None):
'''List the n most common elements an
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