python实现字母索引通讯录_Android 仿微信通讯录功能+字母索引+好友列表

一、效果图展示

a.gif

二、功能特点

1.好友排序：按照拼音顺序对好友进行排序，兼容英文数字符号等

2.字母索引：右侧字母导航条，既可拖动也可点击，联动ListView滑动

三、实现

接下来就让我们一步步显示这个效果吧。

1.右侧字母索引的导航条

这个我们可以在网上找到很多类似的，你大可找一个自己喜欢的甚至自己写一个出来，这里我在网上找了一个带波浪效果的，看起来比较炫酷一点吧。

然后我把它导入到了我们项目中并修改了部分代码，以下是我项目中的

SideBar.java

package com.afei.indexlistview; import android.content.Context;import android.content.res.TypedArray;import android.graphics.Canvas;import android.graphics.Paint;import android.util.AttributeSet;import android.view.MotionEvent;import android.widget.TextView; public class SideBar extends TextView { private String[] letters = new String[]{"A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z", "#"}; private Paint textPaint; private Paint bigTextPaint; private Paint scaleTextPaint; private Canvas canvas; private int itemH; private int w; private int h; /** * 普通情况下字体大小 */ float singleTextH; /** * 缩放离原始的宽度 */ private float scaleWidth; /** * 滑动的Y */ private float eventY = 0; /** * 缩放的倍数 */ private int scaleSize = 1; /** * 缩放个数item，即开口大小 */ private int scaleItemCount = 6; private ISideBarSelectCallBack callBack; public SideBar(Context context) { this(context, null); } public SideBar(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { this(context, attrs, 0); } public SideBar(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) { super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr); init(attrs); } private void init(AttributeSet attrs) { if (attrs != null) { TypedArray ta = getContext().obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.SideBar); scaleSize = ta.getInteger(R.styleable.SideBar_scaleSize, 1); scaleItemCount = ta.getInteger(R.styleable.SideBar_scaleItemCount, 6); scaleWidth = ta.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.SideBar_scaleWidth, dp(100)); ta.recycle(); } textPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG); textPaint.setColor(getCurrentTextColor()); textPaint.setTextSize(getTextSize()); textPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER); bigTextPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG); bigTextPaint.setColor(getCurrentTextColor()); bigTextPaint.setTextSize(getTextSize() * (scaleSize + 3)); bigTextPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER); scaleTextPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG); scaleTextPaint.setColor(getCurrentTextColor()); scaleTextPaint.setTextSize(getTextSize() * (scaleSize + 1)); scaleTextPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER); } public void setDataResource(String[] data) { letters = data; invalidate(); } public void setOnStrSelectCallBack(ISideBarSelectCallBack callBack) { this.callBack = callBack; } /** * 设置字体缩放比例 * * @param scale */ public void setScaleSize(int scale) { scaleSize = scale; invalidate(); } /** * 设置缩放字体的个数，即开口大小 * * @param scaleItemCount */ public void setScaleItemCount(int scaleItemCount) { this.scaleItemCount = scaleItemCount; invalidate(); } private int dp(int px) { final float scale = getContext().getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density; return (int) (px * scale + 0.5f); } @Override public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { switch (event.getAction()) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: if (event.getX() > (w - getPaddingRight() - singleTextH - 10)) { eventY = event.getY(); invalidate(); return true; } else { eventY = 0; invalidate(); break; } case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL: eventY = 0; invalidate(); return true; case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: if (event.getX() > (w - getPaddingRight() - singleTextH - 10)) { eventY = 0; invalidate(); return true; } else break; } return super.onTouchEvent(event); } @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { this.canvas = canvas; DrawView(eventY); } private void DrawView(float y) { int currentSelectIndex = -1; if (y != 0) { for (int i = 0; i < letters.length; i++) { float currentItemY = itemH * i; float nextItemY = itemH * (i + 1); if (y >= currentItemY && y < nextItemY) { currentSelectIndex = i; if (callBack != null) { callBack.onSelectStr(currentSelectIndex, letters[i]); } //画大的字母 Paint.FontMetrics fontMetrics = bigTextPaint.getFontMetrics(); float bigTextSize = fontMetrics.descent - fontMetrics.ascent; canvas.drawText(letters[i], w - getPaddingRight() - scaleWidth - bigTextSize, singleTextH + itemH * i, bigTextPaint); } } } drawLetters(y, currentSelectIndex); } private void drawLetters(float y, int index) { //第一次进来没有缩放情况，默认画原图 if (index == -1) { w = getMeasuredWidth(); h = getMeasuredHeight(); itemH = h / letters.length; Paint.FontMetrics fontMetrics = textPaint.getFontMetrics(); singleTextH = fontMetrics.descent - fontMetrics.ascent; for (int i = 0; i < letters.length; i++) { canvas.drawText(letters[i], w - getPaddingRight(), singleTextH + itemH * i, textPaint); } //触摸的时候画缩放图 } else { //遍历所有字母 for (int i = 0; i < letters.length; i++) { //要画的字母的起始Y坐标 float currentItemToDrawY = singleTextH + itemH * i; float centerItemToDrawY; if (index < i) centerItemToDrawY = singleTextH + itemH * (index + scaleItemCount); else centerItemToDrawY = singleTextH + itemH * (index - scaleItemCount); float delta = 1 - Math.abs((y - currentItemToDrawY) / (centerItemToDrawY - currentItemToDrawY)); float maxRightX = w - getPaddingRight(); //如果大于0，表明在y坐标上方 scaleTextPaint.setTextSize(getTextSize() + getTextSize() * delta); float drawX = maxRightX - scaleWidth * delta; //超出边界直接花在边界上 if (drawX > maxRightX) canvas.drawText(letters[i], maxRightX, singleTextH + itemH * i, textPaint); else canvas.drawText(letters[i], drawX, singleTextH + itemH * i, scaleTextPaint); } } } public interface ISideBarSelectCallBack { void onSelectStr(int index, String selectStr); } }

然后还有3个自定义的属性

2.汉字转拼音工具类

我们知道，java中是没有提供接口和方法让我们直接将汉字转成拼音的。

然后在此我选择了使用第三方jar包的方式，因为它体积不大而且更加准确。以下是我的

Cn2Spell.java

package com.afei.indexlistview; import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.PinyinHelper;import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinCaseType;import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinOutputFormat;import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinToneType; /** * 汉字转换位汉语拼音，英文字符不变 */public class Cn2Spell { public static StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); /** * 获取汉字字符串的首字母，英文字符不变 * 例如：阿飞→af */ public static String getPinYinHeadChar(String chines) { sb.setLength(0); char[] chars = chines.toCharArray(); HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat(); defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE); defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE); for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) { if (chars[i] > 128) { try { sb.append(PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(chars[i], defaultFormat)[0].charAt(0)); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } else { sb.append(chars[i]); } } return sb.toString(); } /** * 获取汉字字符串的第一个字母 */ public static String getPinYinFirstLetter(String str) { sb.setLength(0); char c = str.charAt(0); String[] pinyinArray = PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(c); if (pinyinArray != null) { sb.append(pinyinArray[0].charAt(0)); } else { sb.append(c); } return sb.toString(); } /** * 获取汉字字符串的汉语拼音，英文字符不变 */ public static String getPinYin(String chines) { sb.setLength(0); char[] nameChar = chines.toCharArray(); HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat(); defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE); defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE); for (int i = 0; i < nameChar.length; i++) { if (nameChar[i] > 128) { try { sb.append(PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(nameChar[i], defaultFormat)[0]); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } else { sb.append(nameChar[i]); } } return sb.toString(); } }

3.让你的好友可以根据拼音来排序

我们选择实现comparable接口，并重写comparaTo方法。以下是我的User.java

package com.afei.indexlistview; /** * Created by Administrator on 2016/5/25. */public class User implements Comparable { private String name; // 姓名 private String pinyin; // 姓名对应的拼音 private String firstLetter; // 拼音的首字母 public User() { } public User(String name) { this.name = name; pinyin = Cn2Spell.getPinYin(name); // 根据姓名获取拼音 firstLetter = pinyin.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase(); // 获取拼音首字母并转成大写 if (!firstLetter.matches("[A-Z]")) { // 如果不在A-Z中则默认为“#” firstLetter = "#"; } } public String getName() { return name; } public String getPinyin() { return pinyin; } public String getFirstLetter() { return firstLetter; } @Override public int compareTo(User another) { if (firstLetter.equals("#") && !another.getFirstLetter().equals("#")) { return 1; } else if (!firstLetter.equals("#") && another.getFirstLetter().equals("#")){ return -1; } else { return pinyin.compareToIgnoreCase(another.getPinyin()); } }}

原理很简单，就是先根据首字母判断，首字母为“#”都放在最后，都为“#”或者都是字母时才根据拼音来比较排序

4.万事俱备只欠东风，接下来就是组装这些东西了

activity_main.xml布局文件

MainActivity.java

package com.afei.indexlistview; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.widget.ListView; import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Collections; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private ListView listView; private SideBar sideBar; private ArrayList list; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); initView(); initData(); } private void initView() { listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView); sideBar = (SideBar) findViewById(R.id.side_bar); sideBar.setOnStrSelectCallBack(new SideBar.ISideBarSelectCallBack() { @Override public void onSelectStr(int index, String selectStr) { for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) { if (selectStr.equalsIgnoreCase(list.get(i).getFirstLetter())) { listView.setSelection(i); // 选择到首字母出现的位置 return; } } } }); } private void initData() { list = new ArrayList<>(); list.add(new User("亳州")); // 亳[bó]属于不常见的二级汉字 list.add(new User("大娃")); list.add(new User("二娃")); list.add(new User("三娃")); list.add(new User("四娃")); list.add(new User("五娃")); list.add(new User("六娃")); list.add(new User("七娃")); list.add(new User("喜羊羊")); list.add(new User("美羊羊")); list.add(new User("懒羊羊")); list.add(new User("沸羊羊")); list.add(new User("暖羊羊")); list.add(new User("慢羊羊")); list.add(new User("灰太狼")); list.add(new User("红太狼")); list.add(new User("孙悟空")); list.add(new User("黑猫警长")); list.add(new User("舒克")); list.add(new User("贝塔")); list.add(new User("海尔")); list.add(new User("阿凡提")); list.add(new User("邋遢大王")); list.add(new User("哪吒")); list.add(new User("没头脑")); list.add(new User("不高兴")); list.add(new User("蓝皮鼠")); list.add(new User("大脸猫")); list.add(new User("大头儿子")); list.add(new User("小头爸爸")); list.add(new User("蓝猫")); list.add(new User("淘气")); list.add(new User("叶峰")); list.add(new User("楚天歌")); list.add(new User("江流儿")); list.add(new User("Tom")); list.add(new User("Jerry")); list.add(new User("12345")); list.add(new User("54321")); list.add(new User("_(:з」∠)_")); list.add(new User("……%￥#￥%#")); Collections.sort(list); // 对list进行排序，需要让User实现Comparable接口重写compareTo方法 SortAdapter adapter = new SortAdapter(this, list); listView.setAdapter(adapter); }}

这里负责初始化UI和数据，并且实现滑动或选择字母索引时的回调接口。既然用到了ListView，我们就还需要一个适配器。

SortAdapter.java

package com.afei.indexlistview; import android.content.Context;import android.view.LayoutInflater;import android.view.View;import android.view.ViewGroup;import android.widget.BaseAdapter;import android.widget.TextView; import java.util.List; public class SortAdapter extends BaseAdapter{ private List list = null; private Context mContext; public SortAdapter(Context mContext, List list) { this.mContext = mContext; this.list = list; } public int getCount() { return this.list.size(); } public Object getItem(int position) { return list.get(position); } public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } public View getView(final int position, View view, ViewGroup arg2) { ViewHolder viewHolder; final User user = list.get(position); if (view == null) { viewHolder = new ViewHolder(); view = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.item, null); viewHolder.name = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.name); viewHolder.catalog = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.catalog); view.setTag(viewHolder); } else { viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag(); } //根据position获取首字母作为目录catalog String catalog = list.get(position).getFirstLetter(); //如果当前位置等于该分类首字母的Char的位置 ，则认为是第一次出现 if(position == getPositionForSection(catalog)){ viewHolder.catalog.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); viewHolder.catalog.setText(user.getFirstLetter().toUpperCase()); }else{ viewHolder.catalog.setVisibility(View.GONE); } viewHolder.name.setText(this.list.get(position).getName()); return view; } final static class ViewHolder { TextView catalog; TextView name; } /** * 获取catalog首次出现位置 */ public int getPositionForSection(String catalog) { for (int i = 0; i < getCount(); i++) { String sortStr = list.get(i).getFirstLetter(); if (catalog.equalsIgnoreCase(sortStr)) { return i; } } return -1; } }

适配器还用到了一个布局，即

item.xml

布局有两部分，一个是目录，即A,B,C,D这样的索引，仅当该目录下的第一项出现时才显示；一个则是姓名

四、项目地址

@希望能帮到大家！