python 实例化_防止类在Python中直接实例化

I have a super class with a method that calls other methods that are only defined in its sub classes. That's why, when I create an instance of my super class and call its method, it cannot find the method and raises an error.

Here is an example:

class SuperClass(object):

def method_one(self):

value = self.subclass_method()

print value

class SubClassOne(SuperClass):

def subclass_method(self):

return 'subclass 1'

class SubClassTwo(SuperClass):

def subclass_method(self):

return 'nubclass 2'

s1 = SubClassOne()

s1.method_one()

s2 = SubClassTwo()

s2.method_one()

c = SuperClass()

c.method_one()

# Results:

# subclass 1

# nubclass 2

# Traceback (most recent call last):

# File "abst.py", line 28, in

# c.method_one()

# File "abst.py", line 4, in method_one

# value = self.subclass_method()

# AttributeError: 'SuperClass' object has no attribute 'subclass_method'

I was thinking about changing the init of super class and verify the type of object, when a new instance is created. If the object belongs to super class raise an error. However, I'm not too sure if it's the Pythonic way of doing it.

Any recommendations?

解决方案

You're talking about Abstract Base Classes, and the Python language does not support them natively.

However, in the standard library, there is a module you can use to help you along. Check out the abc documentation.