apache tomcat下32还是64_Tomcat安装及测压工具使用-CSDN博客

1.Tomcat介绍

自从JSP(Java Server Pages)发布之后,推出了各式各样的JSP引擎。Apache Group在完成GNUJSP1.0的开发以后，开始考虑在SUN的JSWDK(JavaServer Web Development Kit)基础上开发-一个可以直接提供Web服务的JSP服务器，当然同时也支持Servlet,这样Tomcat就诞生了。

Tomcat是Apache软件基金会( Apache Software Foundation)的akarta项目中的-一个核心项目，由Apache、Sun和其他一-些公司及个人共同开发而成。其被JavaWorld杂志的编辑选为2001 年度最具创新的Java产品，同时它又是sun公司官方推荐的Servlet和JSP容器，因此其越来越多的受到软件公司和开发人员的喜爱。由于有了Sun的参与和支持，最新的Servlet和ISP规范总是能在Tomcat中得到体现。因为Tomcat技术先进、性能稳定，而且免费，因而深受Java爱好者的喜爱并得到了部分软件开发商的认可，成为目前比较流行的Web应用服务器。

Tomcat服务器是一个免费的开放源代码的Web应用服务器，属于轻量级应用服务器，在中小型系统和并发访问用户不是很多的场合下被普遍使用，是开发和调试SP程序的首选。对于一个初学者来说，可以这样认为，当在一台机器上配置好Apache服务器，可利用它响应HTML (标准通用标记语言下的一个应用)页面的访问请求。实际上，Tomcat是Apache服务器的扩展，但运行时它是独立运行的,所以当运行Tomcat时，它实际上作为-个与Apache独立的进程单独运行的。

当配置正确时，Apache为HTML 页面服务，而Tomcat实际上运行JSP页面和Servlet。另外, Tomcat和IIS等Web服务器一样, 具有处理HTML页面的功能，另外它还是一个Servlet和ISP容器，独立的Servlet容器是Tomcat的默认模式。不过，Tomcat处理静态HTML的能力不如Apache服务器。

2.Tomcat核心组件

Web容器:完成Web服务器的功能。
Servlet容器: 名字为catalina, 用于处理Servlet代码。
JSP容器:用于将JSP动态网页翻译成Servlet代码。

3.Tomcat架构图

I.成功安装Tomcat服务器，用来处理jsp程序
jDK下载页面

Java SE Development Kit 14www.oracle.com

[root@www ~]# hostname
www.whc.com
[root@www ~]# ls -ld  jdk-14_linux-x64_bin.rpm 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 173051296 3月  22 10:39 jdk-14_linux-x64_bin.rpm
[root@www ~]# rpm -ivh  jdk-14_linux-x64_bin.rpm
警告：jdk-14_linux-x64_bin.rpm: 头V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, 密钥 ID ec551f03: NOKEY
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:jdk-14-2000:14-ga                ################################# [100%]
[root@www ~]# vim  /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk-14
export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
[root@www ~]# source  /etc/profile  #修改生效
[root@www ~]# java -version     #查看JDK版本号
java version "14" 2020-03-17
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 14+36-1461)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 14+36-1461, mixed mode, sharing)
[root@www ~]# wget -c https://downloads.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.33/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.33.tar.gz
[root@www ~]# mkdir  /usr/local/tomcat
[root@www ~]# tar  zxvf  apache-tomcat-9.0.33.tar.gz  -C  /usr/local/tomcat
[root@www ~]# ll  -ld  /usr/local/tomcat/
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 34 3月  24 16:29 /usr/local/tomcat/
[root@www tomcat]# mv  apache-tomcat-9.0.33/ apache-tomcat
[root@www tomcat]# ls
apache-tomcat
[root@www ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/bin/startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/java/jdk-14
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.
[root@www ~]# firewall-cmd  --add-port=8080/tcp  --permanent 
[root@www ~]# firewall-cmd  --reload 
[root@www ~]# firewall-cmd  --list-all
public (active)
  target: default
  icmp-block-inversion: no
  interfaces: ens33
  sources: 
  services: ssh dhcpv6-client http
  ports: 5000/tcp 80/tcp 443/tcp 8080/tcp
  protocols: 
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports: 
  source-ports: 
  icmp-blocks: 
  rich rules:

II.测试Tomcat已经成功安装

III.在Tomcat服务器上部署2个虚拟主机: http://www.cisco.com 和 http://www.huawei.com ;

http://www.cisco.com

[root@www ~]# grep  '^192.'  /etc/hosts
192.168.150.71 www.cisco.com
192.168.150.71 www.huawei.com
C:WindowsSystem32driversetchosts
192.168.150.71    www.cisco.com
192.168.150.71    www.huawei.com
[root@www ~]# mkdir  /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/webapps/cisio
[root@www ~]# echo '111111!'  >/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/webapps/cisio/index.jsp
[root@www ~]# vim  /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/conf/server.xml 
<Host name="www.cisco.com"  appBase="/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" xmlvalidation="false"
            xmlNamespaceAware="false">
                <Contesxt docBase="/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/webapps/cisio/" 
                        path="" reloadable="true" />
      </Host>
      <Host name="www.huawei.com"  appBase="/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" xmlvalidation="false"
            xmlNamespaceAware="false">
                <Contesxt docBase="//usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/webapps/huawei" 
                        path="" reloadable="true" />
      </Host>

[root@www ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/bin/startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/java/jdk-14
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

http://www.huawei.com

[root@www ~]# mkdir  /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/webapps/huawei
[root@www ~]# echo '222222!'  >/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/webapps/huawei/index.jsp

IV.客户端访问虚拟主机成功截图

安装JMeter测试工具对Tomcat服务器进行压力测试并进行调优

启动Tomcat
[root@www ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/bin/startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/java/jdk-14
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

[root@hongchao-jmeter ~]# ls -ld  jdk-14_linux-x64_bin.rpm 
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 173051296 3月  22 10:39 jdk-14_linux-x64_bin.rpm
[root@yichen-jmter ~]# rpm -ivh  jdk-14_linux-x64_bin.rpm
警告：jdk-14_linux-x64_bin.rpm: 头V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, 密钥 ID ec551f03: NOKEY
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:jdk-14-2000:14-ga                ################################# [100%]
[root@yichen-jmeter ~]# vim  /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk-14
export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
[root@yichen-jmeter ~]# source  /etc/profile
[root@yichen-jmeter ~]# java -version 
java version "14" 2020-03-17
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 14+36-1461)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 14+36-1461, mixed mode, sharing)
官网下载https://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi
[root@yichen-jmeter ~]# mkdir jmeter 
[root@yichen-jmeter ~]# tar   zxvf  apache-jmeter-5.2.1.tgz  -C jmeter
[root@yichen-jmeter ~]# cd jmeter/apache-jmeter-5.2.1/bin/
[root@yichen-jmeter bin]# ./jmeter
================================================================================
Don't use GUI mode for load testing !, only for Test creation and Test debugging.
For load testing, use CLI Mode (was NON GUI):
   jmeter -n -t [jmx file] -l [results file] -e -o [Path to web report folder]
& increase Java Heap to meet your test requirements:
   Modify current env variable HEAP="-Xms1g -Xmx1g -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=256m" in the jmeter batch file
Check : https://jmeter.apache.org/usermanual/best-practices.html
=========================================================================

2.建立测试计划对Tomcat服务器进行测试并有测试结果截图；

1.添加线程组
右键"Test plan">>>"Add">>"threads(User)">>"Thread Group"
2.添加默认的HTTP请求属性:选择刚创建的线程组，然后右键依次: Add >> Config Element >>HTTP Request Defaults.
Server Name or IP:192.168.150.71
Port Number:8080
3.添加Cookie支持:几乎所有的Web测试都应使用cookie支持，除非您的应用程序明确不使用
cookie.要添加cookie支持，只需将HTTP Cookie Manager添加到测试计划中的每个线程组。这
将确保每个线程都有自己的cookie,但会在所有HTTP Request对象之间共享。要添加HTTP
Cookie管理器，只需选择"线程组"，然后从“编辑"菜单或右键单击弹出菜单中选择   右键点击test-Tomcat>>Add >> Config
Element >> HTTP Cookie Manager
4.添加HTTP请求，这个可以添加多个请求页面 右键点击test-Tomcat>>Add>>Sampler>>HTTP Request  Path:/
5.添加侦听器以查看存储测试结果   右键点击test-Tomcat>>Add>>Listener>>Backend Listener
6.添加查看结果树   右键点击test-Tomcat>>Add>>Listener>>View Results Tree
7.添加聚合报告     右键点击test-Tomcat>>Add>>Listener>>Aggregate Report

3.调整Tomcat配置文件，进行参数优化；

[root@www ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh 
[root@www ~]# vim  /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/conf/server.xml
<Connector port="8080" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" minSpareThreads="50"
               enableLookups="flase" disableUploadTimeout="ture"
               acceptCount="300" maxThreads="500" processorCache="500"
               URIEncoding="UTF-8"
               compression="on"
               compressionMinSize="2048"
    compressableMimeType="textml,text/xml,text/javascript,text/css,text/plain,image/gif,image/jpg,image/png"/>
    </Connector>

4.重新测试Tomcat，并有测试结果截图；

- ## 5.调整Tomcat服务器的JVM虚拟机参数；

[root@www ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/bin/catalina.sh
# OS specific support.  $var _must_ be set to either true or false.
JAVA_OPTS="-server -Xms2048m -Xmx2048m"
[root@www ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
[root@www ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/bin/startup.sh

6 .重新测试Tomcat服务器，并有测试结果截图；

7.调整Tomcat的请求处理方式为APR;
apr需要1.2版本以上
openssl需要1.0.2+版本以上

1.安装apr库
[root@www ~]# yum install apr-devel openssl-devel gcc make expat-devel libtool -y
[root@www ~]# openssl version 
OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017
2.安装tomcat-antive
[root@www ~]# cd  /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/bin/
[root@www bin]# tar zxvf tomcat-native.tar.gz 
[root@www bin]# cd tomcat-native-1.2.23-src/native/
[root@www native]# ./configure 
[root@www native]# make
[root@www native]# make install
3.更改环境变量
[root@www ~]# vim /etc/profile
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/apr/lib
[root@www ~]# source /etc/profile
4.修改tomcat的server.xm|文件
#修改AJP连接器
[root@www ~]# vim  /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/conf/server.xml
<Connector port="8009" protocol="org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpAprProtocol" redirectPort="8443" />
[root@www ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh 
[root@www ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/bin/startup.sh
[root@www ~]# tail  -5 /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat/logs/catalina.2020-03-26.log 
    Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: The AJP Connector is configured with secretRequired="true" but the secret attribute is either null or "". This combination is not valid.
        at org.apache.coyote.ajp.AbstractAjpProtocol.start(AbstractAjpProtocol.java:264)
        at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.startInternal(Connector.java:1035)
        ... 12 more
26-Mar-2020 22:09:36.566 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start Server startup in [914] milliseconds