python列表生成字典_用Python创建带有列表列表的字典

I have a huge file (with around 200k inputs). The inputs are in the form:

A B C D

B E F

C A B D

D

I am reading this file and storing it in a list as follows:

text = f.read().split('\n')

This splits the file whenever it sees a new line. Hence text is like follows:

[[A B C D] [B E F] [C A B D] [D]]

I have to now store these values in a dictionary where the key values are the first element from each list. i.e the keys will be A, B, C, D.

I am finding it difficult to enter the values as the remaining elements of the list. i.e the dictionary should look like:

{A: [B C D]; B: [E F]; C: [A B D]; D: []}

I have done the following:

inlinkDict = {}

for doc in text:

adoc= doc.split(' ')

docid = adoc[0]

inlinkDict[docid] = inlinkDict.get(docid,0) + {I do not understand what to put in here}

Please help as to how should i add the values to my dictionary. It should be 0 if there are no elements in the list except for the one which will be the key value. Like in example for 0.

解决方案

Try using a slice:

inlinkDict[docid] = adoc[1:]

This will give you an empty list instead of a 0 for the case where only the key value is on the line. To get a 0 instead, use an or (which always returns one of the operands):

inlinkDict[docid] = adoc[1:] or 0

Easier way with a dict comprehension:

>>> with open('/tmp/spam.txt') as f:

... data = [line.split() for line in f]

...

>>> {d[0]: d[1:] for d in data}

{'A': ['B', 'C', 'D'], 'C': ['A', 'B', 'D'], 'B': ['E', 'F'], 'D': []}

>>> {d[0]: ' '.join(d[1:]) if d[1:] else 0 for d in data}

{'A': 'B C D', 'C': 'A B D', 'B': 'E F', 'D': 0}

Note: dict keys must be unique, so if you have, say, two lines beginning with 'C' the first one will be over-written.