python描述统计函数_Python Pandas-描述函数如何计算25％

For a given dataset in a data frame, when I apply the describe function, I get the basic stats which include min, max, 25%, 50% etc.

For example:

data_1 = pd.DataFrame({'One':[4,6,8,10]},columns=['One'])

data_1.describe()

The output is:

One

count 4.000000

mean 7.000000

std 2.581989

min 4.000000

25% 5.500000

50% 7.000000

75% 8.500000

max 10.000000

My question is: What is the mathematical formula to calculate the 25%?

1) Based on what I know, it is:

formula = percentile * n (n is number of values)

In this case:

25/100 * 4 = 1

So the first position is number 4 but according to the describe function it is 5.5.

2) Another example says - if you get a whole number then take the average of 4 and 6 - which would be 5 - still does not match 5.5 given by describe.

3) Another tutorial says - you take the difference between the 2 numbers - multiply by 25% and add to the lower number:

25/100 * (6-4) = 1/4*2 = 0.5

Adding that to the lower number: 4 + 0.5 = 4.5

Still not getting 5.5.

Can someone please clarify?

解决方案

In the pandas documentation there is information about the computation of quantiles, where a reference to numpy.percentile is made:

Return value at the given quantile, a la numpy.percentile.

Then, checking numpy.percentile explanation, we can see that the interpolation method is set to linear by default:

linear: i + (j - i) * fraction, where fraction is the fractional part

of the index surrounded by i and j

For your specfic case, the 25th quantile results from:

res_25 = 4 + (6-4)*(3/4) = 5.5

For the 75th quantile we then get:

res_75 = 8 + (10-8)*(1/4) = 8.5

If you set the interpolation method to "midpoint", then you will get the results that you thought of.

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