python管理工具ports_python的pip管理工具

Python有两个著名的包管理工具easy_install.py和pip。在Python2.7的安装包中，easy_install.py是默认安装的，而pip需要我们手动安装。

在此进行编译安装pip管理工具，下载地址：https://pypi.org/project/pip/#files

现在的pip版本是pip-10.0.1，支持python2.x和python3.x

1、下载文件，然后解压

tar -xf pip-10.0.1.tar.gz

2、查看pip文件内容

1 [root@python pip-10.0.1]# ls2 AUTHORS.txt dist LICENSE.txt NEWS.rst pyproject.toml setup.cfg src3 build docs MANIFEST.in PKG-INFO README.rst setup.py

3、安装pip

[root@python pip-10.0.1]# python setup.py install

4、查看pip安装成功版本

1 [root@python pip-10.0.1]# pip -V2 pip 10.0.1 from /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-10.0.1-py2.7.egg/pip (python 2.7)

5、测试安装psutil模块

[root@python ~]# pip install psutil

出现以下问题

1 Collecting psutil2 Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/51/9e/0f8f5423ce28c9109807024f7bdde776ed0b1161de20b408875de7e030c3/psutil-5.4.6.tar.gz (418kB)

3 100% |████████████████████████████████| 419kB 227kB/s4 ipaclient 4.5.4 requires jinja2, which isnot installed.5 rtslib-fb 2.1.63 has requirement pyudev>=0.16.1, but you'll have pyudev 0.15 which is incompatible.

6 ipapython 4.5.4 has requirement dnspython>=1.15, but you'll have dnspython 1.12.0 which is incompatible.

7 Installing collected packages: psutil8 Running setup.py install forpsutil ... error9 Complete output from command /bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-BO0YvS/psutil/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-FbEPxr/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:10 /usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py:267: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'python_requires'

11 warnings.warn(msg)12 running install13 running build14 running build_py15 creating build16 creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7

17 creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil18 copying psutil/_exceptions.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil19 copying psutil/_psposix.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil20 copying psutil/_psbsd.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil21 copying psutil/_psaix.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil22 copying psutil/_pssunos.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil23 copying psutil/_pslinux.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil24 copying psutil/_common.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil25 copying psutil/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil26 copying psutil/_psosx.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil27 copying psutil/_compat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil28 copying psutil/_pswindows.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil29 creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests30 copying psutil/tests/__main__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests31 copying psutil/tests/test_bsd.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests32 copying psutil/tests/test_contracts.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests33 copying psutil/tests/test_aix.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests34 copying psutil/tests/test_memory_leaks.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests35 copying psutil/tests/test_connections.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests36 copying psutil/tests/test_system.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests37 copying psutil/tests/test_linux.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests38 copying psutil/tests/test_misc.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests39 copying psutil/tests/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests40 copying psutil/tests/test_osx.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests41 copying psutil/tests/test_process.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests42 copying psutil/tests/test_windows.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests43 copying psutil/tests/test_posix.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests44 copying psutil/tests/test_sunos.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests45 copying psutil/tests/test_unicode.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/tests46 running build_ext47 building 'psutil._psutil_linux'extension48 creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7

49 creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil50 gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -DPSUTIL_POSIX=1 -DPSUTIL_VERSION=546 -DPSUTIL_LINUX=1 -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c psutil/_psutil_common.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/psutil/_psutil_common.o51 psutil/_psutil_common.c:9:20: 致命错误：Python.h：没有那个文件或目录52 #include

53 ^

54 编译中断。55 error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

56

57 ----------------------------------------

58 Command "/bin/python -u -c"import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-BO0YvS/psutil/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))"install --record /tmp/pip-record-FbEPxr/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-install-BO0YvS/psutil/

解决方法：

安装python-devel，这是python的头文件和静态库包

[root@python ~]# yum install python-devel

6、再次安装psutil模块

1 [root@python ~]# pip install psutil2 Collecting psutil3 Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/51/9e/0f8f5423ce28c9109807024f7bdde776ed0b1161de20b408875de7e030c3/psutil-5.4.6.tar.gz

4 ipaclient 4.5.4 requires jinja2, which isnot installed.5 rtslib-fb 2.1.63 has requirement pyudev>=0.16.1, but you'll have pyudev 0.15 which is incompatible.

6 ipapython 4.5.4 has requirement dnspython>=1.15, but you'll have dnspython 1.12.0 which is incompatible.

7 Installing collected packages: psutil8 Running setup.py install forpsutil ... done9 Successfully installed psutil-5.4.6

致此，pip安装成功，可以安装自已想要的模块，解决模块的依赖关系。