mysql 5.5 的安装步骤:
1 软件安装
[root@dg2 ~]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-advanced-5.5.54-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: MySQL-server-advanced-5.5.54-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-server-advanced ########################################### [100%]
[root@dg2 ~]# rpm -qa |grep MySQL
MySQL-server-advanced-5.5.54-1.el6.x86_64
MySQL-shared-compat-advanced-5.5.54-1.el6.x86_64
MySQL-client-advanced-5.5.54-1.el6.x86_64
--直接重启会失败
[root@dg2 mysql]# service mysql restart
ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/var/lib/mysql/dg2.err'.
.... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/dg2.pid).
--必须通过mysql_install_db 进行初始化,才能重启成功
mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/var/lib/mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql
或者
/usr/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
[root@dg2 ~]# service mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL.... SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL... SUCCESS!
登录mysql不用密码,直接登录
[root@dg2 ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.54-enterprise-commercial-advanced-log MySQL Enterprise Server - Advanced Edition (Commercial)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql>
修改密码的方式
update user set password=password('mysql') where user='root' and host='localhost';
mysql 5.7 的安装方式
---安装数据库软件
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@dg ]# rpm -ivh mysql-commercial-server-5.7.18-1.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-commercial-server-5.7.18-1.1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:mysql-commercial-server########################################### [100%]
[root@dg tmp]# rpm -qa |grep MySQL
perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64
MySQL-server-advanced-5.5.54-1.el6.x86_64
MySQL-devel-advanced-5.5.54-1.el6.x86_64
MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.35-1.el6.x86_64
MySQL-client-advanced-5.5.54-1.el6.x86_64
---初始化数据
/usr/sbin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/var/lib/mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql
----重启数据库
[root@dg log]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
---登录mysql,密码吗会在mysqld.log 中
[root@dg log]# cat mysqld.log |grep password
2017-03-16T07:18:26.877377Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: MwBV,Xdy<1Dm
mysql -uroot -p 输入密码
---修改密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Cz.123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=PASSWORD('Cz.123456') where user='root' and host='localhost';
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1
结论:通过对比可以发现5.7版本有很多改进
1、初始化方面,mysql 5.5 习惯用mysql_install_db ,而在5.7版本开始推荐用--initialize 来初始化数据库
2、在登录方面,5.5在登录的时候回用空密码登录,而在5.7版本会产生随机密码在日志文件中
3、在修改密码方面,5.7 可以用alter user的方式直接修改密码,在5.5版本是没有的