java个人账户管理系统_Java第一次实验——个人银行管理系统

1 //account.h 头文件

2 #ifndef __ACCOUNT_H__3 #define __ACCOUNT_H__

4

5 classSavingsAccount {6 private:7 intid;8 doublebalance;9 doublerate;10 intlastDate;11 doubleaccumulation;12 static doubletotal;13

14

15 void record(int date, doubleamount);16

17 double accumulate(int date) const{18 return accumulation + balance * (date -lastDate);19 }20 public:21

22 SavingsAccount(int date, int id, doublerate);23 int getId() const { returnid; }24 double getBalance() const { returnbalance; }25 double getRate() const { returnrate; }26 static double getTotal() { returntotal; }27

28

29 void deposit(int date, doubleamount);30

31 void withdraw(int date, doubleamount);32

33 void settle(intdate);34

35 void show() const;36 };37

38 #endif //__ACCOUNT_H__

39

40

41

42 //主函数43 //5_11.cpp

44 #include "account.h"

45 #include

46 using namespacestd;47

48 intmain() {49 //建立几个账户

50 SavingsAccount sa0(1, 21325302, 0.015);51 SavingsAccount sa1(1, 58320212, 0.015);52

53 //几笔账目

54 sa0.deposit(5, 5000);55 sa1.deposit(25, 10000);56 sa0.deposit(45, 5500);57 sa1.withdraw(60, 4000);58

59 //开户后第90天到了银行的计息日，结算所有账户的年息

60 sa0.settle(90);61 sa1.settle(90);62

63 //输出各个账户信息

64 sa0.show(); cout <

Java版本：

1 packagePersonalSavingAccount5;2

3 class SavingAccount {//储蓄账户类

4 private int id; //账号

5 private double balance; //余额

6 private double rate; //存款的年利率

7 private int lastDate; //上次变更余额的时期

8 private double accumulation; //余额按日累加只和

9 static double total; //所有账户的总金额10

11 //记录一笔账，date为日期，amount为金额，desc为说明

12 private void record(int date,doubleamount){13 this.accumulation=accumulate(date);14 this.lastDate=date;15 amount=Math.floor((amount * 100 + 0.5)/100);16 this.balance+=amount;17 total+=amount;18 System.out.println(date + "\t#"+id+ " \t"+ amount+"\t" + balance +"\t");19

20 }21

22 //获得到指定日期为止的存款金额按日累计值

23 final private double accumulate(intdata){24

25 return accumulation + balance * (data -lastDate);26 }27

28 //构造函数

29 public SavingAccount(int date, int id, doublerate){30 this.id=id;31 this.balance=0;32 this.rate=rate;33 this.lastDate=date;34 this.accumulation=0;35 System.out.println(date + "\t#"+id+ " is created"+"\t");36 }37

38 public intgetId(){39

40 return this.id;41 }42

43 public doublegetBalance(){44

45 return this.balance;46 }47

48 public doublegetRate(){49

50 return this.rate;51 }52

53 public static doublegetTotal(){54

55 returntotal;56 }57

58 //存入现金

59 public void deposit(int date, doubleamount){60 record(date, amount);61

62 }63

64 //取出现金

65 public void withdraw(int date, doubleamount){66 if(amount >getBalance())67 System.out.println("Error: not enough money");68 else

69 record(date, -amount);70

71 }72

73 //结算利息， 每年1月1日调用一次该函数

74 public void settle(intdate){75 double interest = accumulate(date) * rate / 365;76 if(interest !=0)77 record(date, interest);78 accumulation = 0;79

80 }81

82 //显示账户信息

83 public voidshow(){84 System.out.println("#" + id +"\tBalance"+balance);85 }86 }87

88

89 //main类

90 packagePersonalSavingAccount5;91 public classRunAccount {92 public static voidmain(String[] args){93 //建立几个账户

94 SavingAccount sa0 = new SavingAccount(1,21325302,0.015);95 SavingAccount sa1 = new SavingAccount(1,58320212,0.015);96

97 //几笔账目

98 sa0.deposit(5,5000);99 sa1.deposit(25,10000);100 sa0.deposit(45,5500);101 sa1.withdraw(60,4000);102

103 ///开户后第90天到了银行的计息日，结算所有账户的年息

104 sa0.settle(90);105 sa1.settle(90);106

107 //输出各个账户信息

108 sa0.show();109 sa1.show();110 System.out.println("Total: " +SavingAccount.getTotal());111 }112 }

C++和Java的比较：

相同点：

都运用了分类书写的思想，C++中把头文件、.cpp文件、和主文件分开写，放在三个文件中，显得更整洁、更清晰；同样，Java中引入了包的概念，可以在其分别创建类，将运行类和一般类分开书写。

不同点：

和1.0版本类似，并无太多改进。

3.0版本

需求分析：实现银行账户开户、存款、取钱、结算利息，输出余额、并记录每一笔帐及其说明，新加入日期类，使其计算利息更加准确。

1 //account.h

2 #ifndef __ACCOUNT_H__3 #define __ACCOUNT_H__

4 #include "date.h"

5 #include

6

7 class SavingsAccount { //储蓄账户类

8 private:9 std::string id; //帐号

10 double balance; //余额

11 double rate; //存款的年利率

12 Date lastDate; //上次变更余额的时期

13 double accumulation; //余额按日累加之和

14 static double total; //所有账户的总金额15

16 //记录一笔帐，date为日期，amount为金额，desc为说明

17 void record(const Date &date, double amount, const std::string &desc);18 //报告错误信息

19 void error(const std::string &msg) const;20 //获得到指定日期为止的存款金额按日累积值

21 double accumulate(const Date& date) const{22 return accumulation + balance *date.distance(lastDate);23 }24 public:25 //构造函数

26 SavingsAccount(const Date &date, const std::string &id, doublerate);27 const std::string &getId() const { returnid; }28 double getBalance() const { returnbalance; }29 double getRate() const { returnrate; }30 static double getTotal() { returntotal; }31

32 //存入现金

33 void deposit(const Date &date, double amount, const std::string &desc);34 //取出现金

35 void withdraw(const Date &date, double amount, const std::string &desc);36 //结算利息，每年1月1日调用一次该函数

37 void settle(const Date &date);38 //显示账户信息

39 void show() const;40 };41

42 #endif //__ACCOUNT_H__

43

44

45 //date.h

46 #ifndef __DATE_H__47 #define __DATE_H__

48

49 class Date { //日期类

50 private:51 int year; //年

52 int month; //月

53 int day; //日

54 int totalDays; //该日期是从公元元年1月1日开始的第几天

55

56 public:57 Date(int year, int month, int day); //用年、月、日构造日期

58 int getYear() const { returnyear; }59 int getMonth() const { returnmonth; }60 int getDay() const { returnday; }61 int getMaxDay() const; //获得当月有多少天

62 bool isLeapYear() const { //判断当年是否为闰年

63 return year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0;64 }65 void show() const; //输出当前日期66 //计算两个日期之间差多少天

67 int distance(const Date& date) const{68 return totalDays -date.totalDays;69 }70 };71

72 #endif //__DATE_H__

73

74

75

76 //6_25.cpp

77 #include "account.h"

78 #include

79 using namespacestd;80

81 intmain() {82 Date date(2008, 11, 1); //起始日期83 //建立几个账户

84 SavingsAccount accounts[] ={85 SavingsAccount(date, "S3755217", 0.015),86 SavingsAccount(date, "02342342", 0.015)87 };88 const int n = sizeof(accounts) / sizeof(SavingsAccount); //账户总数89 //11月份的几笔账目

90 accounts[0].deposit(Date(2008, 11, 5), 5000, "salary");91 accounts[1].deposit(Date(2008, 11, 25), 10000, "sell stock 0323");92 //12月份的几笔账目

93 accounts[0].deposit(Date(2008, 12, 5), 5500, "salary");94 accounts[1].withdraw(Date(2008, 12, 20), 4000, "buy a laptop");95

96 //结算所有账户并输出各个账户信息

97 cout <

Java版本：

1 packagePersonalSavingAccount6;2

3 public class SavingAccount {//储蓄账户类

4 private String id; //账号

5 private double balance; //余额

6 private double rate; //存款的年利率

7 private Date lastDate; //上次变更余额的时期

8 private double accumulation; //余额按日累加之和

9 private static double total; //所有账户的总金额10

11 //构造函数

12 public SavingAccount(final Date date, final String id, doublerate){13 this.id=id;14 this.rate=rate;15 this.lastDate=date;16 this.balance=0;17 this.accumulation=0;18

19 }20

21 public finalString getId(){22 return this.id;23 }24

25 public doublegetBalance(){26 return this.balance;27 }28

29 public doublegetRate(){30 return this.rate;31 }32

33 public static doublegetTotal(){34 returntotal;35 }36

37 //记录一笔账，data为日期，amount为金额， desc为说明

38 private void record(final Date date, double amount, finalString desc ){39 accumulation=accumulate(date);40 this.lastDate=date;41 amount=Math.floor((amount*100 + 0.5) / 100);42 this.balance+=amount;43 total+=amount;44 date.show();45 System.out.println("\t#" + this.id + "\t" + amount + "\t" + balance + "\t" +desc);46 }47

48 //报告错误信息

49 private void error(finalString msg){50 System.out.println("Error(#" + this.id +")" +msg);51 }52

53 //获得指定日期为止的存款金额按日累积值

54 private double accumulate(finalDate date){55 return accumulation + balance *date.distance(lastDate);56 }57

58 //存入现金

59 void deposit(Date date, doubleamount, String desc){60 record(date,amount,desc);61 }62

63 //取出现金

64 void withdraw(Date date, doubleamount, String desc){65 if(amount >getBalance())66 error("Not enough money!");67 else

68 record(date, -amount , desc );69 }70

71 //结算利息，每年1月1日调用一次该函数

72 voidsettle(Date date){73 double interest = accumulate(date) * rate/date.distance(new Date(date.getYear() - 1, 1, 1)); //计算年息

74 if(interest != 0)75 record(date, interest ,"interest");76 accumulation = 0;77 }78

79 //显示账户信息

80 voidshow(){81 System.out.println(this.id + "\tBalance: " + this.balance);82 }83

84

85

86 }87

88

89

90 //Date类

91 packagePersonalSavingAccount6;92

93 classDate {94 private int year; //年

95 private int month; //月

96 private int day; //日

97 private int totalDays; //该日期是从公元元年1月1日开始的第几天

98 private final int DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[] = {0,31,59,120,151,181,212,243,273,304,334,365,396};99

100 //用年、月、日构造日期

101 public Date(int year, int month, intday){102 this.year=year;103 this.month=month;104 this.day=day;105 if(day <= 0 || day >getMaxDay()){106 System.out.println("Invalid date");107 show();108 return;109 }110 int years = year -1;111 totalDays = years *365 + year/4 -years / 100 +years /400 + DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1] +day;112 if(isLeapYear() && month >2){113 totalDays++;114 }115

116 }117

118 public intgetYear(){119 return this.year;120 }121

122 public intgetMonth(){123 return this.month;124 }125

126 public intgetDay(){127 return this.day;128 }129

130 //获得当月有多少天

131 public intgetMaxDay(){132 if (isLeapYear() && month==2)133 return 29;134 else

135 return DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month]-DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month-1];136 }137

138 //判断当年是否是闰年

139 booleanisLeapYear(){140 return year % 4==0 && year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 ==0;141 }142

143 //输出当前日期

144 voidshow(){145 System.out.println(getYear()+"-"+getMonth()+"-"+getDay());146 }147

148 //计算两个日期之间差多少天

149 int distance(finalDate date){150 return this.totalDays -date.totalDays;151 }152 }153

154

155 //RunAccount类

156 packagePersonalSavingAccount6;157

158 public classRunAccount {159 public static voidmain(String[] args){160 Date date = new Date(2008, 11, 1); //起始日期161 //建立几个账户

162 SavingAccount[] accounts;163 accounts = newSavingAccount[]{164 new SavingAccount(date, "S3755217", 0.015),165 new SavingAccount(date, "02342342", 0.015)166 };167 //final int n = accounts.length;//账户总数168 //11月份的几笔账目

169 accounts[0].deposit(new Date(2008, 11, 5), 5000, "salary");170 accounts[1].deposit(new Date(2008, 11, 25), 10000, "sell stock 0323");171 //12月份的几笔账目

172 accounts[0].deposit(new Date(2008, 12 ,5), 5500, "salary");173 accounts[1].withdraw(new Date(2008, 12, 20),4000, "buy a laptop");174

175 //结算所有账目并输出各个账户信息

176 System.out.println();177 for(SavingAccount account : accounts) {178 account.settle(new Date(2009, 1, 1));179 account.show();180 System.out.println();181 }182 System.out.println("Total:" +SavingAccount.getTotal());183 }184 }

相同点：

都选择了新建一个Date类，是得计算利息的方法更加准确。

不同点：

1)可以看出Java自带丰富的类库，可以调用各种方法以方便使用。

如计算数组的长度时，可以直接数组名.length()，调用length方法即可得到数组长度，而C++则需要声明引入文件，如#include，才能使用其方法。

2)Java中的数组必须进行声明和初始化才能进行，而且其数组长度是new出来的

3)C++中加入了namespace的概念，在其大括号范围内表示的意思是只在当前文件夹有效，而在Java中，因为有了包的概念，所以说只需要将数据或方法设成private就可以达成同样效果了。

4.0版本

需求分析：需求分析：实现银行账户开户、存款、取钱、结算利息，输出余额、并记录每一笔帐及其说明，加入日期类，使其计算利息更加准确，新增信用账户类(继承)，新增Accumulator类，账户余额及其明细更加清楚。

C++版本：(只含信用账户类及计算类)

1 class CreditAccount : public Account { //信用账户类

2 private:3 Accumulator acc; //辅助计算利息的累加器

4 double credit; //信用额度

5 double rate; //欠款的日利率

6 double fee; //信用卡年费

7

8 double getDebt() const { //获得欠款额

9 double balance =getBalance();10 return (balance < 0 ? balance : 0);11 }12 public:13 //构造函数

14 CreditAccount(const Date &date, const std::string &id, double credit, double rate, doublefee);15 double getCredit() const { returncredit; }16 double getRate() const { returnrate; }17 double getFee() const { returnfee; }18 double getAvailableCredit() const { //获得可用信用

19 if (getBalance() < 0)20 return credit +getBalance();21 else

22 returncredit;23 }24 //存入现金

25 void deposit(const Date &date, double amount, const std::string &desc);26 //取出现金

27 void withdraw(const Date &date, double amount, const std::string &desc);28 //结算利息和年费，每月1日调用一次该函数

29 void settle(const Date &date);30

31 void show() const;32 };33

34

35

36 //accumulator.h

37 #ifndef __ACCUMULATOR_H__38 #define __ACCUMULATOR_H__

39 #include "date.h"

40

41 class Accumulator { //将某个数值按日累加

42 private:43 Date lastDate; //上次变更数值的时期

44 double value; //数值的当前值

45 double sum; //数值按日累加之和

46 public:47 //构造函数，date为开始累加的日期，value为初始值

48 Accumulator(const Date &date, doublevalue)49 : lastDate(date), value(value), sum(0) { }50

51 //获得到日期date的累加结果

52 double getSum(const Date &date) const{53 return sum + value *date.distance(lastDate);54 }55

56 //在date将数值变更为value

57 void change(const Date &date, doublevalue) {58 sum =getSum(date);59 lastDate =date;60 this->value =value;61 }62

63 //初始化，将日期变为date，数值变为value，累加器清零

64 void reset(const Date &date, doublevalue) {65 lastDate =date;66 this->value =value;67 sum = 0;68 }69 };70

71 #endif //__ACCUMULATOR_H__

Java版本：(只含信用账户类及计算类)

1 packagePersonalSavingAccount7;2

3 class CreditAccount extends Account{//信用账户类4 //private

5 private Accumulator acc; //辅助计算利息的累加器

6 private double credit; //信用额度

7 private double rate; //欠款的日利率

8 private double fee; //信用卡年费

9

10 private double getDebt(){ //获得欠款额

11 double balance=getBalance();12 return (balance < 0 ? balance : 0);13 }14

15 //public16 //构造函数

17 public CreditAccount(final Date date, final String id, double credit, double rate, doublefee){18 super(date,id);19 this.credit=credit;20 this.rate=rate;21 this.fee=fee;22 this.acc= new Accumulator(date,0);23 }24 public doublegetCredit() {25

26 returncredit;27 }28

29 public doublegetRate() {30

31 returnrate;32 }33 public doublegetFee() {34

35 returnfee;36 }37 public double getAvailableCredit() { //获得可用信用

38 if (getBalance() < 0)39 return credit +getBalance();40 else

41 returncredit;42 }43 //存入现金

44 public void deposit(final Date date, double amount, finalString desc){45 record(date, amount, desc);46 acc.change(date, getDebt());47 }48 //取出现金

49 public void withdraw(final Date date, double amount, finalString desc){50 if(amount - getBalance() >credit){51 error(" not enough credit!");52 }else{53 record(date, -amount, desc);54 acc.change(date, getDebt());55 }56 }57 //结算利息和年费，每月1日调用一次该函数

58 public void settle(finalDate date){59 double interest = acc.getSum(date) *rate;60 if(interest != 0)61 record(date, interest, "interest");62 if(date.getMonth() == 1)63 record(date, -fee, "annual fee");64 acc.reset(date, getDebt());65 }66

67

68 public voidshow() {69 super.show();70 System.out.println("\tAvailable credit" +getAvailableCredit());71 }72

73 }74

75

76

77 packagePersonalSavingAccount7;78

79 classAccumulator {80 private Date lastDate; //上次变更数值的时期

81 private double value; //数值的当前值

82 private double sum; //数值按日累加之和83

84 //构造函数，date为开始累加的日期，value为初始值

85 public Accumulator(final Date date, doublevalue){86 this.lastDate=date;87 this.value=value;88 this.sum=0;89 }90

91 //获得到日期date的累加结果

92 double getSum(finalDate date){93

94 return sum + value *date.distance(lastDate);95 }96

97 //在date将数值变更为value

98 void change(final Date date, doublevalue){99 this.sum=getSum(date);100 this.lastDate=date;101 this.value =value;102 }103

104 //初始化,将日期变为date, 数值变为value ，累加器清零

105 void reset(final Date date, doublevalue){106 this.lastDate=date;107 this.value=value;108 this.sum=0;109 }110

111

112 }

不同点：

1)Java和C++的继承方式有差异，前者需要使用extends 关键字进行继承声明，而后者的继承方式是class 子类 : (访问权限) 父类1，(访问权限)父类2；值得一提的是，Java中只允许单继承，即一个子类只能有一个父类，而C++则允许有多个父类。

2)Java中子类的构造方法中，可以使用super方法调用父类的构造方法，初始化父类中相应的数据成员，无论显式使用super还是隐式，父类的构造方法都会被调用；C++中则是直接调用父类的构造方法。

3)在使用构造方法时，若形参名和声明的数据变量名相同时(如id)，C++中可以用id(id)表示初始化，而Java则必须用this.id=id进行赋值。

5.0

需求分析：需求分析：实现银行账户开户、存款、取钱、结算利息，输出余额、并记录每一笔帐及其说明，加入日期类，使其计算利息更加准确，增加信用账户类(继承)，增加Accumulator类，账户余额及其明细更加清楚，新增菜单功能，用户可以根据自己的需求选择相应的功能。

C++版本：

1 //此处就只显示变动较大的account类和含菜单功能的代码2

3 //account.h

4 #ifndef __ACCOUNT_H__5 #define __ACCOUNT_H__

6 #include "date.h"

7 #include "accumulator.h"

8 #include

9

10 class Account { //账户类

11 private:12 std::string id; //帐号

13 double balance; //余额

14 static double total; //所有账户的总金额

15 protected:16 //供派生类调用的构造函数，id为账户

17 Account(const Date &date, const std::string &id);18 //记录一笔帐，date为日期，amount为金额，desc为说明

19 void record(const Date &date, double amount, const std::string &desc);20 //报告错误信息

21 void error(const std::string &msg) const;22 public:23 const std::string &getId() const { returnid; }24 double getBalance() const { returnbalance; }25 static double getTotal() { returntotal; }26 //存入现金，date为日期，amount为金额，desc为款项说明

27 virtual void deposit(const Date &date, double amount, const std::string &desc) = 0;28 //取出现金，date为日期，amount为金额，desc为款项说明

29 virtual void withdraw(const Date &date, double amount, const std::string &desc) = 0;30 //结算(计算利息、年费等)，每月结算一次，date为结算日期

31 virtual void settle(const Date &date) = 0;32 //显示账户信息

33 virtual void show() const;34 };35

36 class SavingsAccount : public Account { //储蓄账户类

37 private:38 Accumulator acc; //辅助计算利息的累加器

39 double rate; //存款的年利率

40 public:41 //构造函数

42 SavingsAccount(const Date &date, const std::string &id, doublerate);43 double getRate() const { returnrate; }44 virtual void deposit(const Date &date, double amount, const std::string &desc);45 virtual void withdraw(const Date &date, double amount, const std::string &desc);46 virtual void settle(const Date &date);47 };48

49 class CreditAccount : public Account { //信用账户类

50 private:51 Accumulator acc; //辅助计算利息的累加器

52 double credit; //信用额度

53 double rate; //欠款的日利率

54 double fee; //信用卡年费

55

56 double getDebt() const { //获得欠款额

57 double balance =getBalance();58 return (balance < 0 ? balance : 0);59 }60 public:61 //构造函数

62 CreditAccount(const Date &date, const std::string &id, double credit, double rate, doublefee);63 double getCredit() const { returncredit; }64 double getRate() const { returnrate; }65 double getFee() const { returnfee; }66 double getAvailableCredit() const { //获得可用信用

67 if (getBalance() < 0)68 return credit +getBalance();69 else

70 returncredit;71 }72 virtual void deposit(const Date &date, double amount, const std::string &desc);73 virtual void withdraw(const Date &date, double amount, const std::string &desc);74 virtual void settle(const Date &date);75 virtual void show() const;76 };77

78 #endif //__ACCOUNT_H__

79

80

81 //8_8.cpp

82 #include "account.h"

83 #include

84 using namespacestd;85

86 intmain() {87 Date date(2008, 11, 1); //起始日期88 //建立几个账户

89 SavingsAccount sa1(date, "S3755217", 0.015);90 SavingsAccount sa2(date, "02342342", 0.015);91 CreditAccount ca(date, "C5392394", 10000, 0.0005, 50);92 Account *accounts[] = { &sa1, &sa2, &ca };93 const int n = sizeof(accounts) / sizeof(Account*); //账户总数

94

95 cout << "(d)deposit (w)withdraw (s)show (c)change day (n)next month (e)exit" <

99 date.show();100 cout << "\tTotal:" << Account::getTotal() << "\tcommand>";101

102 intindex, day;103 doubleamount;104 stringdesc;105

106 cin >>cmd;107 switch(cmd) {108 case 'd': //存入现金

109 cin >> index >>amount;110 getline(cin, desc);111 accounts[index]->deposit(date, amount, desc);112 break;113 case 'w': //取出现金

114 cin >> index >>amount;115 getline(cin, desc);116 accounts[index]->withdraw(date, amount, desc);117 break;118 case 's': //查询各账户信息

119 for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {120 cout << "[" << i << "]";121 accounts[i]->show();122 cout <

126 cin >>day;127 if (day date.getMaxDay())130 cout << "Invalid day";131 else

132 date =Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth(), day);133 break;134 case 'n': //进入下个月

135 if (date.getMonth() == 12)136 date = Date(date.getYear() + 1, 1, 1);137 else

138 date = Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth() + 1, 1);139 for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)140 accounts[i]->settle(date);141 break;142 }143 } while (cmd != 'e');144 return 0;145 }

Java版本：

1 packagePersonalSavingAccount8;2

3 abstract classAccount {4 //private

5 private String id; //账号

6 private double balance; //余额

7 private static double total; //所有账户的总金额8

9 //protected10 //供派生类调用的构造函数， id为账户

11 protected Account(finalDate date, String id){12 this.id=id;13 this.balance= 0;14 date.show();15 System.out.println("\t#" + id + "created");16 }17

18 //记录一笔账，date为日期，amount为金额，desc为说明

19 protected void record(final Date date, double amount, finalString desc ){20 amount =Math.floor((amount *100 +0.5)/100); //保留小数点后两位

21 this.balance+=amount;22 total+=amount;23 date.show();24 System.out.println("\t#" + id +"\t" +amount +"\t" +balance +"\t" +desc);25 }26

27 //报告错误信息

28 protected void error(finalString msg){29

30 System.out.println("Error(#" +id +")" +msg);31 }32

33 //public

34 publicString getId(){35

36 returnid;37 }38

39 public doublegetBalance(){40

41 returnbalance;42 }43

44 public static doublegetTotal(){45

46 returntotal;47 }48

49 //抽象函数50 //存入现金，date为日期，amount为金额，desc为款项说明

51 public abstract void deposit(final Date date, double amount, finalString desc);52

53 //取出现金，date为日期，amount为金额，desc为款项说明

54 public abstract void withdraw(final Date date, double amount, finalString desc );55

56 //结算(计算利息、年费等)，每月结算一次，date为结算日期

57 public abstract void settle(finalDate date);58

59 //显示账户信息

60 public abstract voidshow();61

62

63 }64

65

66 packagePersonalSavingAccount8;67

68 importjava.util.Scanner;69

70 classRunAccount {71 public static voidmain(String[] args) {72 Date date = new Date(2008, 11, 1);73 //建立几个账户

74 SavingAccount sa1 = new SavingAccount(date, "S3755217", 0.015);75 SavingAccount sa2 = new SavingAccount(date, "02342342", 0.015);76 CreditAccount ca = new CreditAccount(date, "C5392394", 0.0005, 50);77 Account[] accounts ={sa1, sa2, ca};78 int n = accounts.length; //账户总数

79

80 System.out.println("(d)deposit (w)withdraw (s)show (c)change day (n)next month (e)exit");81 Scanner cmd = newScanner(System.in);82 do{83 //显示日期和总金额

84 date.show();85 System.out.println("\tTotal: " + Account.getTotal() + "\tcommand");86

87 Scanner index, day, amount, desc;88

89 index = newScanner(System.in);90 day = newScanner(System.in);91 amount = newScanner(System.in);92 desc = newScanner(System.in);93

94 String contents =cmd.next();95 switch(contents) {96 case "d": //存入现金

97 System.out.println("您现在正在进行的是存入现金操作：");98 System.out.println("请输入你想操作账户的编码：(0~2)：");99 int index1 =index.nextInt();100 System.out.println("请输入金额：");101 float amount1 =amount.nextFloat();102 System.out.println("请作出相应的说明：");103 String desc1 =desc.next();104 accounts[index1].deposit(date, amount1, desc1);105 break;106

107 case "w": //取出现金

108 System.out.println("您现在正在进行的是取出现金操作：");109 System.out.println("请输入你想操作账户的编码：(0~2)：");110 int index2 =index.nextInt();111 System.out.println("请输入金额：");112 float amount2 =amount.nextFloat();113 System.out.println("请作出相应的说明：");114 String desc2 =desc.next();115 accounts[index2].withdraw(date, amount2, desc2);116 break;117

118 case "s": //查询各账户信息

119 System.out.println("您现在正在进行的是查询各账户信息操作：");120 for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {121 System.out.print("[" + i + "]");122 accounts[i].show();123 System.out.println();124

125 }126 break;127

128 case "c": //改变日期

129 System.out.println("您现在正在进行的是改变日期操作：");130 int day1 =day.nextInt();131 if(day1 date.getMaxDay()) {134 System.out.println("Invalid day!");135 }else{136 date = newDate(date.getYear(), date.getMonth(),day1);137 }138 break;139

140 case "n": //进入下个月

141 System.out.println("进入了下个月：");142 if (date.getMonth() == 12) {143 date = new Date(date.getYear() + 1, 1, 1);144 } else{145 date = new Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth() + 1, 1);146 }147 for(Account account : accounts) {148 account.settle(date);149 }150 break;151

152 }153 } while (! cmd.equals("e"));154 }155

156 }157

158 //夹杂了点私货，给菜单使用进行了一点说明

不同点：

1)Java和C++的抽象类、抽象方法使用不同；Java在使用抽象方法时，其类名和方法名前面必须加上关键字abstract，C++在抽象函数名字前加上virtual关键字即可。

2)在比较字符串的值是否相等时，例如s1="abc",s2="abc", C++中可以直接用==判定二者的值是否相等，而Java则得使用.equals() 的API来判别。