python map lambda_Python地图，列表（地图），lambda和性能

I've been a procedural programmer for a while now, and just trying to switch my mindset to use functional programming (in Python 3 for now).

So, instead of writing a for-each loop, I'm trying to grasp the interaction between map and list(map(..))

Lets say I have a simple for-in loop which does some resource heavy computation (which I'll replace with print here for the sake of simplicity):

arr = [1,2,3,4]

for x in arr:

print(x)

Now, when I try to do the following

map(lambda x: print(x), arr)

nothing happens, UNTIL, i wrap this in a list and it does my super heavy print function:

list(map(lambda x: print(x), arr))

Why? What am I missing? I understand map returns an iterator which is supposed to save memory instead of just holding the entire list right away. But when is my super heavy print function going to be triggered then?

解决方案Why? What am I missing? I understand map returns an iterator which is supposed to save memory instead of just holding the entire list right away. But when is my super heavy print function going to be triggered then?

The map function is what's commonly known in programmer terminology as lazy. It won't do any work unless it has to. This is more broadly known as in functional programming as back to you.

A single value can be computed by the iterator using next:

>>> arr = [1, 2, 3]

>>> it = map(lambda x: print(x), arr)

>>> next(it)

1

>>>

However, when you casted the map iterator to be a list, you were forcing map to compute all of its values and thus call your function:

>>> it = map(lambda x: print(x), arr)

>>> list(it)

1

2

3

4

[None, None, None, None]

>>>