1 MyBatis主要的类
- Configuration MyBatis所有的配置信息都维持在Configuration对象之中。
- SqlSession 作为MyBatis工作的主要顶层API，表示和数据库交互的会话，完成必要数据库增删改查功能
- Executor MyBatis执行器，是MyBatis 调度的核心，负责SQL语句的生成和查询缓存的维护
- StatementHandler 封装了JDBC Statement操作，负责对JDBC statement 的操作，如设置参数、将Statement结果集转换成List集合。
- ParameterHandler 负责对用户传递的参数转换成JDBC Statement 所需要的参数，
- ResultSetHandler 负责将JDBC返回的ResultSet结果集对象转换成List类型的集合；
- TypeHandler 负责java数据类型和jdbc数据类型之间的映射和转换
- MappedStatement MappedStatement维护了一条节点的封装，
- SqlSource 负责根据用户传递的parameterObject，动态地生成SQL语句，将信息封装到BoundSql对象中，并返回
- BoundSql 表示动态生成的SQL语句以及相应的参数信息
以上几个类在SQL操作中都会涉及，在SQL操作中重点关注下SQL参数什么时候写入和结果集怎么转换为Java对象，这两个过程正好对应的类是PreparedStatementHandler和ResultSetHandler类。
2 SQL执行流程
MyBatis主要设计目的还是为了让我们在执行SQL时对输入输出的数据的管理更加方便，所以方便的让我们写出SQL和方便的获取SQL的执行结果是MyBatis的核心竞争力。下面就用一个例子来从源码角度看一下SQL的完整执行流程。
新建配置文件conf.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>首先建立数据表，这里就以user表为例 ：
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS user;CREATE TABLE user ( id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, name VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL, password VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL, sex int, email VARCHAR(32), phone VARCHAR(16), admin VARCHAR(16));然后新建与数据表对应的类User：
/** * User - 用户类 */public class User { public static final int MAN = 0; // 男生 public static final int WOMAN = 1; // 女生 public static final int OTHER = 2; // 其他 private int id; // 用户id private String name; // 用户名 private String password; // 用户密码 private int sex; // 用户性别 private String email; // 用户邮箱 private String phone; // 用户手机 private String admin; // 用户是否是管理员，"admin"表示是管理员，其他为普通用户 public User() { } public User(String name, String password, int sex, String email, String phone) { this.name = name; this.password = password; this.sex = sex; this.email = email; this.phone = phone; this.admin = ""; } public User(String name, String password, String sex, String email, String phone) { this.name = name; this.password = password; setSex(sex); // this.sex = sex; this.email = email; this.phone = phone; this.admin = ""; } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public int getSex() { return sex; } public void setSex(int sex) { this.sex = sex; } public void setSex(String sexStr) { int sex = Integer.valueOf(sexStr); switch (Integer.valueOf(sexStr)) { case 0: { this.sex = MAN; break; } case 1: { this.sex = WOMAN; break; } default: { this.sex = OTHER; break; } } } public String getEmail() { return email; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } public String getPhone() { return phone; } public void setPhone(String phone) { this.phone = phone; } public String getAdmin() { return admin; } public void setAdmin(String admin) { this.admin = admin; } @Override public String toString() { return "User{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + ''' + ", password='" + password + ''' + ", sex=" + sex + ", email='" + email + ''' + ", phone='" + phone + ''' + ", admin='" + admin + ''' + '}'; }}再新建usre表的配置文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> SELECT * FROM user WHERE id=#{id}; SELECT * FROM user; 最后新建测试类：
/** * MyBatis测试类 */public class TestMain { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { String resouce = "conf.xml"; InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resouce); // 构建sqlSession工厂 SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is); // 获取sqlSession SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(); User user; try { /** * 第一种方式: 直接执行已映射的 SQL 语句 */ String statement = "com.luoxn28.dao.UserDao.getById"; user = session.selectOne(statement, 1); System.out.println(user); } finally { session.close(); } /** * 第二种方式: 执行更清晰和类型安全的代码 */// UserDao userDao = session.getMapper(UserDao.class);// user = userDao.getById(1);// System.out.println(user); }}由于我们分析的是SQL的执行流程，那就重点关注下 user = session.selectOne(statement, 1); 这行代码~ 注意，传进去的参数是1。
session是DefaultSqlSession类型的，因为sqlSessionFactory默认生成的SqlSession是DefaultSqlSession类型。selectOne()会调用selectList()。
// DefaultSqlSession类public List selectList(String statement, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds) { try { MappedStatement ms = configuration.getMappedStatement(statement); // CURD操作是交给Excetor去处理的 return executor.query(ms, wrapCollection(parameter), rowBounds, Executor.NO_RESULT_HANDLER); } catch (Exception e) { throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error querying database. Cause: " + e, e); } finally { ErrorContext.instance().reset(); }}在DefaultSqlSession.selectList中的各种CURD操作都是通多Executor进行的，这里executor的类型是CachingExecutor，接着跳转到其中的query方法中。
// CachingExecutor 类public List query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler) throws SQLException { BoundSql boundSql = ms.getBoundSql(parameterObject); // 获取绑定的sql命令，比如"SELECT * FROM xxx" CacheKey key = createCacheKey(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, boundSql); return query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);}getBoundSql为了获取绑定的sql命令，在创建完cacheKey之后，就进入到CachingExecutor 类中的另一个query方法中。
// CachingExecutor 类@Overridepublic List query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException { Cache cache = ms.getCache(); if (cache != null) { flushCacheIfRequired(ms); if (ms.isUseCache() && resultHandler == null) { ensureNoOutParams(ms, parameterObject, boundSql); @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") List list = (List) tcm.getObject(cache, key); if (list == null) { list = delegate. query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql); tcm.putObject(cache, key, list); // issue #578 and #116 } return list; } } return delegate. query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);}这里真正执行query操作的是SimplyExecutor代理来完成的，接着就进入到了SimplyExecutor的父类BaseExecutor的query方法中。
// SimplyExecutor的父类BaseExecutor类@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")@Overridepublic List query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException { ErrorContext.instance().resource(ms.getResource()).activity("executing a query").object(ms.getId()); if (closed) { throw new ExecutorException("Executor was closed."); } if (queryStack == 0 && ms.isFlushCacheRequired()) { clearLocalCache(); } List list; try { queryStack++; /** * localCache是一级缓存，如果找不到就调用queryFromDatabase从数据库中查找 */ list = resultHandler == null ? (List) localCache.getObject(key) : null; if (list != null) { handleLocallyCachedOutputParameters(ms, key, parameter, boundSql); } else { list = queryFromDatabase(ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql); } } finally { queryStack--; } if (queryStack == 0) { for (DeferredLoad deferredLoad : deferredLoads) { deferredLoad.load(); } // issue #601 deferredLoads.clear(); if (configuration.getLocalCacheScope() == LocalCacheScope.STATEMENT) { // issue #482 clearLocalCache(); } } return list;}因为是第一次SQL查询操作，所以会调用queryFromDatabase方法来执行查询。
// SimplyExecutor的父类BaseExecutor类private List queryFromDatabase(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException { List list; localCache.putObject(key, EXECUTION_PLACEHOLDER); try { list = doQuery(ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql); } finally { localCache.removeObject(key); } localCache.putObject(key, list); if (ms.getStatementType() == StatementType.CALLABLE) { localOutputParameterCache.putObject(key, parameter); } return list;}从数据库中查询数据，进入到SimplyExecutor中进行操作。
// SimplyExecutor类public List doQuery(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException { Statement stmt = null; try { Configuration configuration = ms.getConfiguration(); StatementHandler handler = configuration.newStatementHandler(wrapper, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql); // 子流程1：SQL查询参数的设置 stmt = prepareStatement(handler, ms.getStatementLog()); // StatementHandler封装了Statement // 子流程2：SQL查询操作和结果集的封装 return handler.query(stmt); } finally { closeStatement(stmt); }}注意，在prepareStatement方法中会进行SQL查询参数的设置，也就是咱们最开始传递进来的参数，其值为1。handler.query(stmt)方法中会进行实际的SQL查询操作和结果集的封装(封装成Java对象)。当流程走到这里时，程序已经压栈有一定深度了，因为接下来程序分析会兵分两路，一方面深入到SQL查询及结果集的设置子流程1中，然后再深入到SQL查询操作和结果集的封装子流程2，因为还会回到这里，所以就来一张调用栈的特写吧：
子流程1：SQL查询参数的设置
// SimplyExecutor类private Statement prepareStatement(StatementHandler handler, Log statementLog) throws SQLException { Statement stmt; // 获取一个Connection Connection connection = getConnection(statementLog); stmt = handler.prepare(connection, transaction.getTimeout()); handler.parameterize(stmt); // 设置SQL查询中的参数值 return stmt;}通过getConnection方法来获取一个Connection，调用prepare方法来获取一个Statement(这里的handler类型是RoutingStatementHandler，RoutingStatementHandler的prepare方法调用的是PrepareStatementHandler的prepare方法，因为PrepareStatementHandler并没有覆盖其父类的prepare方法，其实最后调用的是BaseStatementHandler中的prepare方法。是不是绕晕了，那就再看一遍吧 :) )。调用parameterize方法来设置SQL的参数值(这里最后调用的是PrepareStatementHandler中的parameterize方法，而PrepareStatementHandler.parameterize方法调用的是DefaultParameterHandler中的setParameters方法)。
// PrepareStatementHandler类@Overridepublic void parameterize(Statement statement) throws SQLException { parameterHandler.setParameters((PreparedStatement) statement);}// DefaultParameterHandler类@Overridepublic void setParameters(PreparedStatement ps) { ErrorContext.instance().activity("setting parameters").object(mappedStatement.getParameterMap().getId()); List parameterMappings = boundSql.getParameterMappings(); if (parameterMappings != null) { for (int i = 0; i < parameterMappings.size(); i++) { ParameterMapping parameterMapping = parameterMappings.get(i); if (parameterMapping.getMode() != ParameterMode.OUT) { Object value; String propertyName = parameterMapping.getProperty(); if (boundSql.hasAdditionalParameter(propertyName)) { // issue #448 ask first for additional params value = boundSql.getAdditionalParameter(propertyName); } else if (parameterObject == null) { value = null; } else if (typeHandlerRegistry.hasTypeHandler(parameterObject.getClass())) { value = parameterObject; } else { MetaObject metaObject = configuration.newMetaObject(parameterObject); value = metaObject.getValue(propertyName); } TypeHandler typeHandler = parameterMapping.getTypeHandler(); JdbcType jdbcType = parameterMapping.getJdbcType(); if (value == null && jdbcType == null) { jdbcType = configuration.getJdbcTypeForNull(); } try { typeHandler.setParameter(ps, i + 1, value, jdbcType); } catch (TypeException e) { throw new TypeException("Could not set parameters for mapping: " + parameterMapping + ". Cause: " + e, e); } catch (SQLException e) { throw new TypeException("Could not set parameters for mapping: " + parameterMapping + ". Cause: " + e, e); } } } }}到这里为止，已经给Statement设置了最初传递进去的参数(值为1)了，那么接着分析流程2：
流程2：SQL查询及结果集的设置
// RoutingStatementHandler类@Overridepublic List query(Statement statement) throws SQLException { return delegate.query(statement);}// RoutingStatementHandler类@Overridepublic List query(Statement statement) throws SQLException { // 这里就到了熟悉的PreparedStatement了 PreparedStatement ps = (PreparedStatement) statement; // 执行SQL查询操作 ps.execute(); // 结果交给ResultHandler来处理 return resultSetHandler. handleResultSets(ps);}// DefaultResultSetHandler类(封装返回值，将查询结果封装成Object对象)@Overridepublic List handleResultSets(Statement stmt) throws SQLException { ErrorContext.instance().activity("handling results").object(mappedStatement.getId()); final List multipleResults = new ArrayList(); int resultSetCount = 0; ResultSetWrapper rsw = getFirstResultSet(stmt); List resultMaps = mappedStatement.getResultMaps(); int resultMapCount = resultMaps.size(); validateResultMapsCount(rsw, resultMapCount); while (rsw != null && resultMapCount > resultSetCount) { ResultMap resultMap = resultMaps.get(resultSetCount); handleResultSet(rsw, resultMap, multipleResults, null); rsw = getNextResultSet(stmt); cleanUpAfterHandlingResultSet(); resultSetCount++; } String[] resultSets = mappedStatement.getResultSets(); if (resultSets != null) { while (rsw != null && resultSetCount < resultSets.length) { ResultMapping parentMapping = nextResultMaps.get(resultSets[resultSetCount]); if (parentMapping != null) { String nestedResultMapId = parentMapping.getNestedResultMapId(); ResultMap resultMap = configuration.getResultMap(nestedResultMapId); handleResultSet(rsw, resultMap, null, parentMapping); } rsw = getNextResultSet(stmt); cleanUpAfterHandlingResultSet(); resultSetCount++; } } return collapseSingleResultList(multipleResults);}ResultSetWrapper是ResultSet的包装类，调用getFirstResultSet方法获取第一个ResultSet，同时获取数据库的MetaData数据，包括数据表列名、列的类型、类序号等，这些信息都存储在ResultSetWrapper类中了。然后调用handleResultSet方法来来进行结果集的封装。
// DefaultResultSetHandler类private void handleResultSet(ResultSetWrapper rsw, ResultMap resultMap, List multipleResults, ResultMapping parentMapping) throws SQLException { try { if (parentMapping != null) { handleRowValues(rsw, resultMap, null, RowBounds.DEFAULT, parentMapping); } else { if (resultHandler == null) { DefaultResultHandler defaultResultHandler = new DefaultResultHandler(objectFactory); handleRowValues(rsw, resultMap, defaultResultHandler, rowBounds, null); multipleResults.add(defaultResultHandler.getResultList()); } else { handleRowValues(rsw, resultMap, resultHandler, rowBounds, null); } } } finally { // issue #228 (close resultsets) closeResultSet(rsw.getResultSet()); }}这里调用handleRowValues方法来进行值的设置：
// DefaultResultSetHandler类public void handleRowValues(ResultSetWrapper rsw, ResultMap resultMap, ResultHandler> resultHandler, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultMapping parentMapping) throws SQLException { if (resultMap.hasNestedResultMaps()) { ensureNoRowBounds(); checkResultHandler(); handleRowValuesForNestedResultMap(rsw, resultMap, resultHandler, rowBounds, parentMapping); } else { // 封装数据 handleRowValuesForSimpleResultMap(rsw, resultMap, resultHandler, rowBounds, parentMapping); }}// DefaultResultSetHandler类// 封装数据private void handleRowValuesForSimpleResultMap(ResultSetWrapper rsw, ResultMap resultMap, ResultHandler> resultHandler, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultMapping parentMapping) throws SQLException { DefaultResultContext resultContext = new DefaultResultContext(); skipRows(rsw.getResultSet(), rowBounds); while (shouldProcessMoreRows(resultContext, rowBounds) && rsw.getResultSet().next()) { ResultMap discriminatedResultMap = resolveDiscriminatedResultMap(rsw.getResultSet(), resultMap, null); Object rowValue = getRowValue(rsw, discriminatedResultMap); storeObject(resultHandler, resultContext, rowValue, parentMapping, rsw.getResultSet()); }}// DefaultResultSetHandler类private Object getRowValue(ResultSetWrapper rsw, ResultMap resultMap) throws SQLException { final ResultLoaderMap lazyLoader = new ResultLoaderMap(); // createResultObject为新创建的对象，数据表对应的类 Object resultObject = createResultObject(rsw, resultMap, lazyLoader, null); if (resultObject != null && !hasTypeHandlerForResultObject(rsw, resultMap.getType())) { final MetaObject metaObject = configuration.newMetaObject(resultObject); boolean foundValues = !resultMap.getConstructorResultMappings().isEmpty(); if (shouldApplyAutomaticMappings(resultMap, false)) { // 这里把数据填充进去，metaObject中包含了resultObject信息 foundValues = applyAutomaticMappings(rsw, resultMap, metaObject, null) || foundValues; } foundValues = applyPropertyMappings(rsw, resultMap, metaObject, lazyLoader, null) || foundValues; foundValues = lazyLoader.size() > 0 || foundValues; resultObject = foundValues ? resultObject : null; return resultObject; } return resultObject;}// DefaultResultSetHandler类(把ResultSet中查询结果填充到JavaBean中)private boolean applyAutomaticMappings(ResultSetWrapper rsw, ResultMap resultMap, MetaObject metaObject, String columnPrefix) throws SQLException { List autoMapping = createAutomaticMappings(rsw, resultMap, metaObject, columnPrefix); boolean foundValues = false; if (autoMapping.size() > 0) { // 这里进行for循环调用，因为user表中总共有7项，所以也就调用7次 for (UnMappedColumnAutoMapping mapping : autoMapping) { // 这里将esultSet中查询结果转换为对应的实际类型 final Object value = mapping.typeHandler.getResult(rsw.getResultSet(), mapping.column); if (value != null) { foundValues = true; } if (value != null || (configuration.isCallSettersOnNulls() && !mapping.primitive)) { // gcode issue #377, call setter on nulls (value is not 'found') metaObject.setValue(mapping.property, value); } } } return foundValues;}mapping.typeHandler.getResult会获取查询结果值的实际类型，比如我们user表中id字段为int类型，那么它就对应Java中的Integer类型，然后通过调用statement.getInt("id")来获取其int值，其类型为Integer。metaObject.setValue方法会把获取到的Integer值设置到Java类中的对应字段。
// MetaObject类public void setValue(String name, Object value) { PropertyTokenizer prop = new PropertyTokenizer(name); if (prop.hasNext()) { MetaObject metaValue = metaObjectForProperty(prop.getIndexedName()); if (metaValue == SystemMetaObject.NULL_META_OBJECT) { if (value == null && prop.getChildren() != null) { // don't instantiate child path if value is null return; } else { metaValue = objectWrapper.instantiatePropertyValue(name, prop, objectFactory); } } metaValue.setValue(prop.getChildren(), value); } else { objectWrapper.set(prop, value); }}metaValue.setValue方法最后会调用到Java类中对应数据域的set方法，这样也就完成了SQL查询结果集的Java类封装过程。最后贴一张调用栈到达Java类的set方法中的快照：
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