mysql 主备切换_mysql主备切换[高可用]

到这一步的时候, 是主备部署已经处理好, 请关注:mysql主备部署[高可用]

这次使用的是keepalived-1.2.22.tar.gz版, 官网地址:keeplived官网

笼统知识请自行查询百度下面开始步骤

第一步:安装keepalived-1.2.22

解压

tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.22.tar.gz

编译

cd keepalived-1.2.22

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived/(新建文件夹喔)

安装

make && make install

服务脚本

cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/keepalived

配置文件

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

服务

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/keepalived

加入服务

chkconfig --add keepalived

chkconfig keepalived on

service keepalived start #启动服务

service keepalived stop #停止服务

service keepalived restart #重启服务

上面的额操作主备机器都需要安装

第二步:配置文件

master:keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

router_id HA_MySQL

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP

interface eth0

virtual_router_id 51

priority 100

advert_int 1

nopreempt

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.88.88

}

}

virtual_server 192.168.88.88 3306 {

delay_loop 2

lb_algo wrr

lb_kind DR

persistence_timeout 60

protocol TCP

real_server 192.168.75.61 3306 {

weight 3

notify_down /etc/keepalived/down.sh

TCP_CHECK {

connect_timeout 10

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

connect_port 3306

}

}

}

slave:keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

router_id HA_MySQL

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP

interface eth0

virtual_router_id 51

priority 90

advert_int 1

nopreempt

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.88.88

}

}

virtual_server 192.168.88.88 3306 {

delay_loop 2

lb_algo wrr

lb_kind DR

persistence_timeout 60

protocol TCP

real_server 192.168.75.62 3306 {

weight 3

# echo"62....1"

notify_down /etc/keepalived/down.sh

# notify_up /etc/keepalived/up.sh

# echo"62....2"

TCP_CHECK {

connect_timeout 10

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

connect_port 3306

}

}

}

down:down.sh

#!/bin/bash

pkill keepalived

第三步:测试

主:192.168.75.61

备:192.168.75.62

主:

[root@qwzs08 log]#service mysqld start

[root@qwzs08 log]#service keeplived start

保证已经启动成功!

[root@qwzs08 log]#ip addr

会显示出下面的vip(我上面配置文件把master放在61)

1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UNKNOWN qlen 1000

link/ether 00:50:56:89:a3:28 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.75.61/24 brd 192.168.75.255 scope global eth0

inet 192.168.88.88/32 scope global eth0

inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe89:a328/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

表示vip正常

此时在备机

[root@qwzs07 log]#ip addr

1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UNKNOWN qlen 1000

link/ether 00:50:56:89:cb:a6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.75.62/24 brd 192.168.75.255 scope global eth0

inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe89:cba6/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

是没有vip的, 恭喜您!配置成功!

第四步:漂移

模拟主机宕机

ps aux | grep mysqld

root 1176 0.0 0.0 11336 1408 ? S 15:38 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql3306.pid

mysql 1591 7.1 1.8 2736136 597708 ? Sl 15:38 3:19 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql3306.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql3306.pid

root 1978 0.0 0.0 103248 844 pts/0 S+ 16:24 0:00 grep mysql

kill -9 1176 1591

此时,主机的mysql挂掉了,您怎么确定是有没有漂移呢?

查一下vip

ip addr

1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UNKNOWN qlen 1000

link/ether 00:50:56:89:cb:a6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.75.61/24 brd 192.168.75.255 scope global eth0

inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe89:cba6/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

已经没有了

再去备机查一下vip

ip addr

1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UNKNOWN qlen 1000

link/ether 00:50:56:89:a3:28 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.75.62/24 brd 192.168.75.255 scope global eth0

inet 192.168.88.88/32 scope global eth0

inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe89:a328/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

look, 漂过来了

现在切换到主机把的mysql和keeplived开启

此时主机的服务已经开起来了, 但是vip并没有漂过去, 这就是nopreempt的作用, 防止脑裂

这时候加入备机slave挂掉, vip就会漂移到主机master, 实现高可用主从切换

此时如果能实现漂移就是成功了, 下面是我遇到的问题

1.keepalived执行后日志狂刷, 2.脚本并没有执行(down.sh),具体情况就是mysql挂掉后,keeplived并没有自杀,导致vip漂移失败, 但是手动关闭keeplived后会实现漂移, 原因就在于down脚本没有得到执行。

日志报错:

Nov 21 16:05:27 qwzs08 abrt[13378]: Not saving repeating crash in '/usr/sbin/keepalived'

Nov 21 16:05:27 qwzs08 Keepalived_healthcheckers: IPVS: Can't initialize ipvs: Protocol not available

Nov 21 16:05:27 qwzs08 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.75.62 added

Nov 21 16:05:27 qwzs08 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.75.62 added

Nov 21 16:05:27 qwzs08 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Nov 21 16:05:27 qwzs08 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink command channel

Nov 21 16:05:27 qwzs08 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Nov 21 16:05:27 qwzs08 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Configuration is using : 9635 Bytes

很纠结,经过排查,原因是ip_vs模块系统默认没有自动加载

执行命令:

查看

lsmod | grep ip_vs

(如果没有任何输出则表示ip_vs模块并没有被内核加载)

手动加载

modprobe ip_vs

modprobe ip_vs_wrr

然后再看日志已经恢复正常

此时再查看ip_vs

lsmod | grep ip_vs

ip_vs_wrr 2179 1

ip_vs 115643 3 ip_vs_wrr

libcrc32c 1246 1 ip_vs

ipv6 321422 68 ip_vs,ip6t_REJECT,nf_conntrack_ipv6,nf_defrag_ipv6

ok!