python 性能优化监控工具_Python性能监控Graphite

一、简介

Graphite 是一个Python写的web应用，采用django框架，Graphite用来进行收集服务器所有的及时状态，用户请求信息，Memcached命中率，RabbitMQ消息服务器的状态，Unix操作系统的负载状态，Graphite服务器大约每分钟需要有4800次更新操作，Graphite采用简单的文本协议和绘图功能可以方便地使用在任何操作系统上。

graphite有三个组件：

graphite-web：web接口

carbon：相当于network interface

whisper：相当于rrdtool

graphite官方文档：

二、安装graphite

1、安装epel源

rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

sed -i 's@^#@@' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo

sed -i 's@mirrorlist@#mirrorlist@' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo

2、安装适应版本的Django软件包，版本过高会出现bug

yum install python-simplejson

wget https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org//packages/Django14/1.4.14/1.el6/noarch/Django14-1.4.14-1.el6.noarch.rpm

rpm -ivh Django14-1.4.14-1.el6.noarch.rpm

3、安装graphite

yum install graphite-web python-carbon python-whisper

4、安装MySQL数据库

yum install mysql mysql-server MySQL-python

service mysqld start

chkconfig mysqld on

mysqladmin -uroot password 123456

mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'create database graphite;'

5、修改graphite配置文件

# cat >> /etc/graphite-web/local_settings.py << EOF

SECRET_KEY = '123qwe'

ALLOWED_HOSTS = [ '*' ]

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

DEBUG = True

DATABASES = {

'default': {

'NAME': 'graphite',

'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',

'USER': 'root',

'PASSWORD': '123456',

'HOST': '127.0.0.1',

'PORT': '3306'

}

}

from graphite.app_settings import *

EOF

6、同步数据库

mkdir -p /opt/graphite/storage

cd /etc/graphite-web/

django-admin syncdb --settings=local_settings --pythonpath=.

yes

root

zhengys@allentuns.com

123456

123456

7、修改graphite数据目录

chown -R apache.apache /opt/graphite/storage

8、启动服务

/etc/init.d/carbon-cache start

chkconfig carbon-cache on

/etc/init.d/httpd start

chkconfig httpd on

三、访问展示graphite

1、Chrome浏览器访问Ghipte的地址：

2、提供监控网卡流量的脚本

[root@Allentuns ~]# cat network_traffic.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

from subprocess import Popen,PIPE

import socket

import shlex

import time

import sys

import os

def get_traffic(f):

p = Popen(shlex.split(f),stdout=PIPE,stderr=PIPE)

result = p.stdout.read()

d = [i for i in result.split('\n')[3:] if i]

dic_traffic = {}

for i in d:

devname = i.split(':')[0].strip()

Receive = i.split(':')[1].split()[0].strip()

Transmit = i.split(':')[1].split()[8].strip()

dic_traffic[devname] = {'in':Receive,'out':Transmit}

return dic_traffic

if __name__ == '__main__':

try:

HOST = '127.0.0.1'

PORT = 2003

s = socket.socket()

s.connect((HOST,PORT))

except:

print "Couldn't connect to %(server)s on port %(port)d, is carbon-agent.py running?" % {'server':HOST,'port':PORT}

sys.exit(1)

while True:

cur_traffic = get_traffic('cat /proc/net/dev')

time.sleep(5)

five_s_traffic = get_traffic('cat /proc/net/dev')

diff_dic = {}

for k in cur_traffic:

traffic_in = int(five_s_traffic[k]['in']) - int(cur_traffic[k]['in'])

traffic_out = int(five_s_traffic[k]['out']) - int(cur_traffic[k]['out'])

diff_dic[k] = {'in':traffic_in,'out':traffic_out}

now = int(time.time())

for k,v in diff_dic.items():

net_in = 'network.%s_in %s %s\n' % (k,v['in'],now)

net_out = 'network.%s_out %s %s\n' % (k,v['out'],now)

s.sendall(net_in)

s.sendall(net_out)

time.sleep(5)

3、后台方式运行监控网卡流量脚本

[root@Allentuns ~]# python network_traffic.py &

四、安装Diamond

diamond ：搜集器、用于搜集数据

diamond的github官方站点：https://github.com/python-diamond/Diamond/wiki

1、安装Diamond

yum install gcc gcc-c++ python-configobj python-pip

pip install diamond==3.4.421(有时候会安装不成功)

如果下载安装不成功可以使用以下方式进行

wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/d/diamond/diamond-3.4.421.tar.gz#md5=080ab9f52a154d81f16a4fd27d11093a

tar xf diamond-3.4.421.tar.gz

cd diamond-3.4.421

python setup.py install

2、配置

cd /etc/diamond/

cp diamond.conf.example diamond.conf

主要修改三个配置文件：

[root@Allentuns diamond]# vim /etc/diamond/diamond.conf

[[GraphiteHandler]] //59行

host = localhost

[[default]]//173行

interval = 10//时间搜集一次

[root@Allentuns diamond]# vim /etc/diamond/handlers/ArchiveHandler.conf

#log_file = ./storage/archive.log//注释此行

[root@Allentuns diamond]# vim /etc/diamond/handlers/GraphiteHandler.conf

host = localhost

3、启动diamond服务

chmod +x /etc/init.d/diamond

/etc/init.d/diamond start

chkconfig diamond on

五、继续访问展示diamond自动采集信息

1、Chrome浏览器访问Ghipte的地址：

你会发现在Graphite下多了一个servers的目录，这个目录就是diamond自动采集的信息

2、在这里提供了两个python脚本，用来搜集web站点的httpcode，是基于diamond的方式

[root@Allentuns httpcode]# ll

总用量 8

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1356 3月 31 11:12 filerev.py

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3737 3月 31 11:12 httpcode.py

3、运行搜集httpcode的脚本

首先删除原来diamond生成的servers目录

[root@Allentuns httpcode]# rm -rf /var/lib/carbon/whisper/servers/

然后手动运行diamond的httpcode脚本

[root@Allentuns httpcode]# diamond -f -l -r ./httpcode.py -c /etc/diamond/diamond.conf

ERROR: Pidfile exists. Server already running?#需要手动停止diamond服务

[root@Allentuns httpcode]# /etc/init.d/diamond stop

Stopping diamond: [确定]

[root@Allentuns httpcode]# diamond -f -l -r ./httpcode.py -c /etc/diamond/diamond.conf

[2015-03-31 11:13:56,198] [MainThread] Changed UID: 0 () GID: 0 ().

[2015-03-31 11:13:56,198] [MainThread] Loaded Handler: diamond.handler.graphite.GraphiteHandler

[2015-03-31 11:13:56,201] [MainThread] GraphiteHandler: Established connection to graphite server localhost:2003.

[2015-03-31 11:13:56,202] [MainThread] Loaded Handler: diamond.handler.archive.ArchiveHandler

[2015-03-31 11:13:56,206] [MainThread] Loading Collectors from: .

[2015-03-31 11:13:56,209] [MainThread] Loaded Module: httpcode

[2015-03-31 11:13:56,209] [MainThread] Loaded Collector: httpcode.HttpCodeCollector

[2015-03-31 11:13:56,209] [MainThread] Initialized Collector: HttpCodeCollector

[2015-03-31 11:13:56,210] [MainThread] Skipped loading disabled Collector: HttpCodeCollector

[2015-03-31 11:13:56,210] [MainThread] Started task scheduler.

[2015-03-31 11:13:57,211] [MainThread] Stopping task scheduler.

[2015-03-31 11:14:01,217] [MainThread] Stopped task scheduler.

[2015-03-31 11:14:01,217] [MainThread] Exiting.

如果没有报错，则查看浏览器会发现多了一个servers目录；但是当时目录就是没有生成，我还真纳闷了。原来在配置文件中没有启动此配置

[root@Allentuns httpcode]# vim httpcode.py

......

config = super(HttpCodeCollector, self).get_default_config()

config.update({

'path': 'weblog',

'enabled': 'True'#开启此选项

})

如果用diamond来搜集，则无需此选项，因为diamond有针对类的配置文件，在配置文件中开启会比在脚本中开启看起来更统一

4、浏览器查看

Chrome刷新Ghipte的web页面，查看

Ghipte -> servers -> ec2-54-201-82-69 -> weblog(自定义) -> http 会出现以下监控曲线图

我们可以使用ab -c 100 -n 100 http://localhost/ 产生200状态码

使用刷新Ghipte的浏览器页面产生304的状态码

目前主流的开源监控有Cacti、Nagios、Zabbix等等，社区活跃，功能强大

Graphite虽然在功能上和社区在无法与此对比，但是在灵活度上还是值得一提的，轻量级的监控程序，更为重要的是Graphite是Python编写的，所以在问题排查，脚本编写等都会非常顺手

同样也非常感谢更多Python开源者的贡献！！！