java组合用法_Java组合

Java设计 的 Java组合

组合模式用于需要以同样的方式的方式处理一组对象作为单个对象。组合模式根据树结构组成对象，以表示部分以及整个层次结构。这种类型的设计模式属于结构模式，因为此模式创建了一组对象的树结构。

此模式创建一个包含其自身对象的组的类。 此类提供了修改其相同对象的组的方法。

我们通过以下示例展示组合模式的使用，将演示员工组织的层次结构。

实现实例

假设有一个类Employee，它作为复合模式操作类。 CompositePatternDemo这是一个演示类，将使用Employee类添加部门级别层次结构并打印所有员工。组合模式示例结构如下图中所示 -

第1步

创建具有Employee对象列表的Employee类。

Employee.java

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

public class Employee {

private String name;

private String dept;

private int salary;

private List subordinates;

// constructor

public Employee(String name,String dept, int sal) {

this.name = name;

this.dept = dept;

this.salary = sal;

subordinates = new ArrayList();

}

public void add(Employee e) {

subordinates.add(e);

}

public void remove(Employee e) {

subordinates.remove(e);

}

public List getSubordinates(){

return subordinates;

}

public String toString(){

return ("Employee :[ Name : " + name + ", dept : " + dept + ", salary :" + salary+" ]");

}

}

第2步

使用Employee类来创建和打印员工层次结构。

CompositePatternDemo.java

public class CompositePatternDemo {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Employee CEO = new Employee("John","CEO", 30000);

Employee headSales = new Employee("Robert","Head Sales", 20000);

Employee headMarketing = new Employee("Michel","Head Marketing", 20000);

Employee clerk1 = new Employee("Laura","Marketing", 10000);

Employee clerk2 = new Employee("Bob","Marketing", 10000);

Employee salesExecutive1 = new Employee("Richard","Sales", 10000);

Employee salesExecutive2 = new Employee("Rob","Sales", 10000);

CEO.add(headSales);

CEO.add(headMarketing);

headSales.add(salesExecutive1);

headSales.add(salesExecutive2);

headMarketing.add(clerk1);

headMarketing.add(clerk2);

//print all employees of the organization

System.out.println(CEO);

for (Employee headEmployee : CEO.getSubordinates()) {

System.out.println(headEmployee);

for (Employee employee : headEmployee.getSubordinates()) {

System.out.println(employee);

}

}

}

}

第3步

验证输出，执行上面的代码得到以下结果 -

Employee :[ Name : John, dept : CEO, salary :30000 ]

Employee :[ Name : Robert, dept : Head Sales, salary :20000 ]

Employee :[ Name : Richard, dept : Sales, salary :10000 ]

Employee :[ Name : Rob, dept : Sales, salary :10000 ]

Employee :[ Name : Michel, dept : Head Marketing, salary :20000 ]

Employee :[ Name : Laura, dept : Marketing, salary :10000 ]

Employee :[ Name : Bob, dept : Marketing, salary :10000 ]