flutter 动画json_Flutter 中 JSON 解析

使用 json_serializable, build_runner, json_annotation 解决 JSON -> Model 的问题。

设置依赖

dependencies:

json_annotation: ^1.1.0

dev_dependencies:

build_runner: ^0.10.2

json_serializable: ^1.2.0

创建一个 Model

model/user_model.dart

import 'package:json_annotation/json_annotation.dart';

part 'user_model.g.dart';

@JsonSerializable()

class UserModel {

String name;

int age;

UserModel(this.name, this.age);

factory UserModel.fromJson(Map json) =>

_$UserModelFromJson(json);

Map toJson() => _$UserModelToJson(this);

}

写完后会报错，先不管

使用 build_runner 自动生成 JSON解析 相关的代码

创建 JSON 解析文件：在工程目录下执行下面命令

flutter packages pub run build_runner build

执行完成后，在 model 文件夹下会生成 user_model.g.dart 文件, user_model.dart 的报错会消失。

写个单元测试

在 test 文件夹下：

json_test.dart

import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';

import 'dart:convert';

import 'package:flutter_app/model/user_model.dart';

void main() {

String JSON_STRING = '''{"name":"fangmingdong","age":12}''';

group('jsonparse test', () {

test('to json', () {

UserModel userModel = UserModel('fangmingdong', 12);

String jsonStr = json.encode(userModel.toJson());

print(jsonStr);

expect(jsonStr, JSON_STRING);

});

test('mockdata test', () {

UserModel userModel = UserModel.fromJson(json.decode(JSON_STRING));

expect(userModel.age, 12);

expect(userModel.name, 'fangmingdong');

});

});

}

工程级封装

通常接口设计都是以下面格式的：

{

"code": 200,

"msg": "success",

"data":{

...

}

}

Android 中通常使用泛型解析上面的 JSON:

public class BaseResponse{

int code;

String msg;

T data;

}

但是 json_serializable 并不支持泛型解析。

不太优雅的解决方案 继承

解析：

{

"code": 200,

"msg": "success",

"data": {

"name": "fangmingdong",

"age": 12,

"book": {

"id": 1,

"name": "从你的全世界路过"

}

}

}

base_response.dart:

import 'package:json_annotation/json_annotation.dart';

part 'base_response.g.dart';

@JsonSerializable()

class BaseResponse{

int code;

String msg;

BaseResponse(this.code, this.msg);

factory BaseResponse.fromJson(Map json) =>

_$BaseResponseFromJson(json);

Map toJson() => _$BaseResponseToJson(this);

}

user_model.dart:

import 'package:flutter_app/model/base_response.dart';

import 'package:flutter_app/model/book_model.dart';

import 'package:json_annotation/json_annotation.dart';

part 'user_model.g.dart';

@JsonSerializable()

class UserModel extends BaseResponse {

UserModelReal data;

UserModel(this.data) : super(0, '');

factory UserModel.fromJson(Map json) =>

_$UserModelFromJson(json);

Map toJson() => _$UserModelToJson(this);

}

@JsonSerializable()

class UserModelReal {

String name;

int age;

BookModel book;

UserModelReal(this.name, this.age, this.book);

factory UserModelReal.fromJson(Map json) =>

_$UserModelRealFromJson(json);

Map toJson() => _$UserModelRealToJson(this);

}

test:

import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';

import 'dart:convert';

import 'package:flutter_app/model/user_model.dart';

import 'package:flutter_app/model/book_model.dart';

void main() {

String JSON_STRING = '''{"code":200,"msg":"success","data":{"name":"fangmingdong","age":12,"book":{"id":1,"name":"从你的全世界路过"}}}''';

group('jsonparse test', () {

test('to json', () {

UserModel userModel = UserModel(new UserModelReal('fangmingdong', 12, BookModel(1, '从你的全世界路过')));

String jsonStr = json.encode(userModel.toJson());

print(jsonStr);

// expect(jsonStr, JSON_STRING);

});

test('mockdata test', () {

UserModel userModel = UserModel.fromJson(json.decode(JSON_STRING));

expect(userModel.data.age, 12);

expect(userModel.data.name, 'fangmingdong');

expect(userModel.code, 200);

expect(userModel.msg, "success");

});

});

}

参考：