python图像二值化 腐蚀 膨胀_python opencv 图像处理 图像二值化、腐蚀、膨胀、填小洞...

图像的二值化，就是将图像上的像素点的灰度值设置为0或255，也就是将整个图像呈现出明显的只有黑和白的视觉效果。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import cv2

import numpy as np

from scipy import ndimage as ndi

from skimage.filters import roberts

#mport cv2.cv as cv

img=cv2.imread('H:\\dicomdata\\cropdata\\1.jpg')

GrayImage=cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

ret,thresh1=cv2.threshold(GrayImage,153,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY)

#ret,thresh2=cv2.threshold(GrayImage,130,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV)

kernel=np.uint8(np.zeros((5,5)))

for x in range(5):

kernel[x,2]=1;

kernel[2,x]=1;

#腐蚀图像

eroded=cv2.erode(thresh1,kernel);

#膨胀图像

dilated = cv2.dilate(thresh1,kernel)

result = cv2.absdiff(dilated,eroded)

edges = roberts(result)

binary = ndi.binary_fill_holes(edges)

#plt.subplot(2,2,1)

#plt.imshow(thresh1)

#plt.subplot(2,2,2)

#plt.imshow(result)

#opening = cv2.morphologyEx(result, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, kernel)

#closing = cv2.morphologyEx(result, cv2.MORPH_CLOSE, kernel)

plt.imshow(dilated)

#GrayImage=cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

#ret,thresh1=cv2.threshold(GrayImage,127,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY)

#ret,thresh2=cv2.threshold(GrayImage,127,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV)

其他opencv 进行二值化的相关操作

#二值化处理，低于阈值的像素点灰度值置为0；高于阈值的值置为参数3

ret,thresh1 = cv2.threshold(grayImage,127,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY)

cv2.imshow('BINARY',thresh1)

#大于阈值的像素点灰度值置为0；小于阈值置为参数3

ret,thresh2 = cv2.threshold(grayImage,127,200,cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV)

cv2.imshow('BINARY_INV',thresh2)

#小于阈值的像素点灰度值不变，大于阈值的像素点置为该阈值

ret,thresh3 = cv2.threshold(grayImage,127,255,cv2.THRESH_TRUNC)

cv2.imshow('TRUNC',thresh3)

#小于阈值的像素点灰度值不变，大于阈值的像素点置为0,其中参数3任取

ret,thresh4 = cv2.threshold(grayImage,127,255,cv2.THRESH_TOZERO)

cv2.imshow('BINARY_TOZERO',thresh4)

#大于阈值的像素点灰度值不变，小于阈值的像素点置为0,其中参数3任取

ret,thresh5 = cv2.threshold(grayImage,127,255,cv2.THRESH_TOZERO_INV)

cv2.imshow('BINARY_TOZERO_INV',thresh5)

参考 python数字图像处理(18)：高级形态学处理