python列表分割和排序_Python数据处理基础（排序/合成拆分/交并集/for i/lambda/异常/正则）...

1、排序

b = ['see', 'seek', 'se', 'sleep', 'six']

b.sort(key=len)

print("长度排序",b)

seq = [7, 2, 3, 7, 5, 6, 0, 1]

# c=sorted(seq)

c01=sorted(b[1])

print("字符排序",c01)

seq.sort(reverse=True)

print("正反排序",seq)

c=seq[:2]

print("切前两个",c)

c1=seq[::2]

print("步长2切",c1)

# c2=seq[::-1]

c2=list(reversed(seq))

print("反向排序",c2)

2、合成zip pop set....

aaa=("aoo","app","acc")

map={}

for i,v in enumerate(aaa):

map[i]=v

print("合成字典",map)

seq1 = ("aoo","app","acc")

seq2 = ['one', 'two', 'three']

zipped = zip(seq1, seq2)

print("zip合并",list(zipped))

seq3=(1,2,3)

for i, (a, b ,c)in enumerate(zip(seq1,seq2,seq3)):

print("zip分组",{'{0}: {1}, {2}, {3}'.format(i, a, b,c)})

pitchers =[('aoo', 'one'), ('app', 'two'), ('acc', 'three')]

firstname,lastname=zip(*pitchers)

print("*zip解压列表",firstname,lastname)

mapp={}

for i, v in enumerate(firstname+lastname):

mapp[v]=i

print("合成字典",mapp)

d1={'a': 'acc', 'b': [1, 2, 3, 4], 7: 'app'}

d1["111"]=11111

d1.update({"222":22222,"333":33333})

print("字典中添加键值对",d1)

ret=d1.pop("111")

print("pop取出“111”的值再删除",ret,d1)

print("取出键值对",list(d1.keys()),d1.values())

mapping = {}

for key, value in zip(d1.keys(),d1.values()):

mapping[key] = value

print("键值对合并",mapping)

mapping = dict(zip(range(5), reversed(range(5))))

print("两元祖合并",mapping)

words = ['app', 'bat', 'bar', 'acc', 'bit']

by_letter = {}

for word in words:

letter=word[0]

if letter not in by_letter:

by_letter[letter]=[word]

else:

by_letter[letter].append(word)

print("首字母提取字典",by_letter)

d={}

d[tuple([1,2,3])]=4

print("键必须是元祖字符整形",d)

a=set([2, 2, 2, 1, 3, 3])

print("set集合去重",a)

3、交集并集

a = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

b = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}

# c=a.union(b)

c=a | b

# c1=a.intersection(b)

c1=a & b

print("并集{}:",c,"交集{}:",c1)

d=a.copy()

d|=b

d&=b

print(d)

dd={1,2,3}.issubset(d)

dd1={3,4,5}.issubset(d)

dd2={1,2,3}=={3,2,1}

print("判断子集",dd,dd1,dd2)

4、for in

strings = ['a', 'as', 'bat', 'car', 'dove', 'python']

ii=[i.upper() for i in strings if len(i)>2]

print("for/if用法[]：",ii)

5、元组拆分

some_tuples = [(1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6), (7, 8, 9)]

flaater=[i for ii in some_tuples for i in ii ]

print(flaater)

flatter=[[x for x in tup] for tup in some_tuples]

print("多元组拆分",flatter)

6、返回多值

def func():

a=1

b=2

c=3

return {"a":a,"b":b,"c":c}

return_value=func()

print("返回多值字典{}：",return_value)

7、lambda

def apply_to_list(some_list, f):

return [f(x) for x in some_list]

ints = [4, 0, 1, 5, 6]

aa=apply_to_list(ints, lambda x: x * 2)

print("函数作为参数",aa)

strings = ['aoo', 'card', 'bar', 'aaaa', 'abab']

strings.sort(key=lambda x: len(set(list(x))))

print("传入lambda到sort",strings)

8、生成器(一般对列表对象或文件中的行迭代)

def squares(n=10):

print('1 to {0}'.format(n ** 2))

for i in range(1, n + 1):

yield i ** 2

gen = squares()

print("生成器yield",gen)

gen2=[]

for gen1 in squares():

gen2.append(gen1)

print("生成器返回值需迭代请求返回",gen2)

gen = (x ** 2 for x in range(10))

for gen1 in gen:

gen2.append(gen1)

print("迭代器返回值需迭代请求返回",gen2)

summ=sum(x ** 2 for x in range(100))

print(summ)

9、异常

def att(x):

try:

return float(x)

except (TypeError, ValueError):###try失败，排除类型错误值错误后返回

return x

a12=att(([1],2.,"abc"))

print("抛出异常",a12)

try:

# write_to_file()

# except:

# print("failed")

# else:

# print("secceed") ### try成功执行else”succeed“，try失败执行except，最后必须执行finally

# finally:

# f.close()

10、正则表达式

states = [' Acc ', 'Gee!', 'Gee', 'geely', 'FlOr', 'saic car##', 'We vv?']

import re

def clean_strings(string):

result=[]

for value in string:

value=value.strip()

value=re.sub("[!#?]","+",value)

value=value.title()

result.append(value)

return(result)

clc_str=clean_strings(states)

print("re清理数据",clc_str)