python destroy函数_Python Tkinter，销毁顶层函数

I'm programming some drives with python using Tkinter as GUI. When my machine is running, I'd like to show the user a toplevel window with some information which should close itself after the function completes. This is my minimal example:

from Tkinter import *

import time

def button_1():

window = Toplevel()

window.title("info")

msg = Message(window, text='running...', width=200)

msg.pack()

time.sleep(5.0)

window.destroy()

master = Tk()

frame = Frame(width=500,height=300)

frame.grid()

button_one = Button(frame, text ="Button 1", command = button_1)

button_one.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = W + E)

mainloop()

The main problem is, that the toplevel window just appears after 5 seconds are over. Any suggestions?

Thanks!

解决方案

time.sleep(5) is launched before the GUI has time to update, that's why the toplevel only appears after the 5 seconds are over. To correct this, you can add window.update_idletasks() before time.sleep(5) to force the update the display.

But, as Bryan Oakley points out in his answer, the GUI is frozen while time.sleep(5) is executed. I guess that your ultimate goal is not to execute time.sleep but some time consuming operation. So, if you do not want to freeze the GUI but do not know how long the execution will take, you can execute your function in a separated thread and check regularly whether it is finished using after:

import Tkinter as tk

import time

import multiprocessing

def function():

time.sleep(5)

def button_1():

window = tk.Toplevel(master)

window.title("info")

msg = tk.Message(window, text='running...', width=200)

msg.pack()

thread = multiprocessing.Process(target=function)

thread.start()

window.after(1000, check_if_running, thread, window)

def check_if_running(thread, window):

"""Check every second if the function is finished."""

if thread.is_alive():

window.after(1000, check_if_running, thread, window)

else:

window.destroy()

master = tk.Tk()

frame = tk.Frame(width=500,height=300)

frame.grid()

button_one = tk.Button(frame, text ="Launch", command=button_1)

button_one.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = "we")

master.mainloop()