python numpy 生成矩阵_Python：从numpy矩阵创建二维直方图

@unutbu's answer包含一个错误：xidx和yidx是以错误的方式计算的（至少在我的数据示例上）。正确的方法应该是：xidx = np.clip(np.digitize(x, xedges) - 1, 0, hist.shape[0] - 1)

yidx = np.clip(np.digitize(y, yedges) - 1, 0, hist.shape[1] - 1)

因为我们感兴趣的np.digitize的返回维数介于1和len(xedges) - 1之间，但是c = hist[xidx, yidx]需要0和hist.shape - 1之间的索引。

下面是结果的比较。正如你所看到的，你得到了相似但不相同的结果。import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fig = plt.figure()

ax1 = fig.add_subplot(211)

ax2 = fig.add_subplot(212)

n = 10000

x = np.random.standard_normal(n)

y = 2.0 + 3.0 * x + 4.0 * np.random.standard_normal(n)

xedges, yedges = np.linspace(-4, 4, 42), np.linspace(-25, 25, 42)

hist, xedges, yedges = np.histogram2d(x, y, (xedges, yedges))

xidx = np.clip(np.digitize(x, xedges), 0, hist.shape[0] - 1)

yidx = np.clip(np.digitize(y, yedges), 0, hist.shape[1] - 1)

c = hist[xidx, yidx]

old = ax1.scatter(x, y, c=c, cmap='jet')

xidx = np.clip(np.digitize(x, xedges) - 1, 0, hist.shape[0] - 1)

yidx = np.clip(np.digitize(y, yedges) - 1, 0, hist.shape[1] - 1)

c = hist[xidx, yidx]

new = ax2.scatter(x, y, c=c, cmap='jet')

plt.show()