python imshow彩色_Python：带有imshow的2D彩色地图

I am trying to represent a function of two variable on a two dimensional graph using color.

I came across this example here:

from numpy import exp,arange

from pylab import meshgrid,cm,imshow,contour,clabel,colorbar,axis,title,show

# the function that I'm going to plot

def z_func(x,y):

return (1-(x**2+y**3))*exp(-(x**2+y**2)/2)

x = arange(-3.0,3.0,0.1)

y = arange(-3.0,3.0,0.1)

X,Y = meshgrid(x, y) # grid of point

Z = z_func(X, Y) # evaluation of the function on the grid

im = imshow(Z,cmap=cm.RdBu) # drawing the function

# adding the Contour lines with labels

cset = contour(Z,arange(-1,1.5,0.2),linewidths=2,cmap=cm.Set2)

clabel(cset,inline=True,fmt='%1.1f',fontsize=10)

colorbar(im) # adding the colobar on the right

# latex fashion title

title('$z=(1-x^2+y^3) e^{-(x^2+y^2)/2}$')

show()

which produces

However, the axis scales and limits do not correspond to the real x and y data(both of which are between -3 and 3). How to make them correspond to the actual data?

解决方案

Add extent=(-3, 3, 3, -3) to the call to imshow and

extent=(-3, 3, -3, 3) (note the unfortunately tricky change in signs!) to the call to contour:

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def z_func(x, y):

return (1 - (x ** 2 + y ** 3)) * np.exp(-(x ** 2 + y ** 2) / 2)

x = np.arange(-3.0, 3.0, 0.1)

y = np.arange(-3.0, 3.0, 0.1)

X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y)

Z = z_func(X, Y)

im = plt.imshow(Z, cmap=plt.cm.RdBu, extent=(-3, 3, 3, -3))

cset = plt.contour(Z, np.arange(-1, 1.5, 0.2), linewidths=2,

cmap=plt.cm.Set2,

extent=(-3, 3, -3, 3))

plt.clabel(cset, inline=True, fmt='%1.1f', fontsize=10)

plt.colorbar(im)

plt.title('$z=(1-x^2+y^3) e^{-(x^2+y^2)/2}$')

plt.show()