1.maven构建项目
访问http://start.spring.io/,下载springboot示例项目,导入eclipse。(Existing Maven Projects)
2.项目结构
如上图所示,Spring Boot的基础结构共三个文件:
src/main/java 程序开发以及主程序入口
src/main/resources 配置文件
src/test/java 测试程序
代码结构
1、Application.java 建议放到跟目录下面,主要用于做一些框架配置
2、domain目录主要用于实体(Entity)与数据访问层(Repository)
3、service 层主要是业务类代码
4、controller 负责页面访问控制
3.引入web模块
a、pom.xml中添加支持web的模块:
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
pom.xml文件中默认有两个模块:
spring-boot-starter:核心模块,包括自动配置支持、日志和YAML;
spring-boot-starter-test:测试模块,包括JUnit、Hamcrest、Mockito。
b.编写controller内容
packagecom.example.demo.controller;importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;importcom.example.demo.domain.User;
@RestControllerpublic classHelloWorldController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")publicString index(){return "Hello World";
}/*@RequestMapping("/getUser")
public User getUser(){
User user = new User();
user.setUserName("David");
user.setPassWord("123456");
return user;
}*/}
启动主程序,打开浏览器访问http://localhost:8080/hello
其中的注解@RestController的意思是controller中的方法都已json格式输出,不需要写jackjson等配置。
4.单元测试
package com.example.demo;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import com.example.demo.controller.HelloWorldController;
public class HelloWorldControlerTests {
private MockMvc mvc;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new HelloWorldController()).build();
}
@Test
public void getHello() throws Exception{
mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/hello").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
.andReturn();
}
}
输出:
MockHttpServletRequest:
HTTP Method=GET
Request URI= /hello
Parameters={}
Headers= [Accept:"application/json"]
Body= Session Attrs={}
Handler:
Type=com.example.demo.controller.HelloWorldController
Method= publicjava.lang.String com.example.demo.controller.HelloWorldController.index()
Async:
Async started= falseAsync result= nullResolved Exception:
Type= nullModelAndView:
View name= nullView= nullModel= nullFlashMap:
Attributes= nullMockHttpServletResponse:
Status= 200Error message= nullHeaders= [Content-Type:"application/json;charset=ISO-8859-1", Content-Length:"11"]
Content type= application/json;charset=ISO-8859-1Body=Hello World
Forwarded URL= nullRedirected URL= nullCookies= []