条件判断和循环结构---shell

1.1  if语句

1.1.1 语法示例

步骤：新建脚本ex4.sh，内容如下

[root@centos-jifu-vm ~]# cat ex4.sh
#!/bin/bash
a=3
b=$1
if [ $a == $b ]
then
        echo "You win!"
else
        echo "Please guess again."
fi

 1.1.2 测试语句

新建ex5.sh，内容如下

[root@centos-jifu-vm ~]# cat ex5.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo "Please enter your filename"
read filename
if [ -f "$filename" ]
then
    cat $filename
elif [ -d "$filename" ]
then
    pwd
    ls -l $filename
else
    echo "$filename:bad filename"
fi

执行如下

1.1.2 while语句

 新建脚本ex6.sh，内容如下

[root@centos-jifu-vm ~]# cat ex6.sh
#!/bin/bash
while [ $1 ]
do
  if [ -f $1 ]
  then
    echo "display:$1"
   cat $1
  else
    echo "$1 is not a file"
  fi
  shift
done

shift命令用于对参数的移动(左移)，通常用于在不知道传入参数个数的情况下依次遍历每个参数然后进行相应处理（常见于Linux中各种程序的启动脚本） 。 

1.1.3 for语句

新建脚本ex7.sh，写入内容

[root@centos-jifu-vm ~]# cat ex7.sh
#!/bin/bash
for num in {1..10}
do
   echo $num
done

步骤3 新建一个namefile文件，写入内容

user1

user2

user3

user4

步骤四：ex8内容

[root@centos-jifu-vm ~]# cat ex8.sh
#!/bin/bash
for user in $(cat ./namefile)
do
   echo $user
done

 执行

 1.1.4 case语句

新建脚本ex9.sh，内容如下

[root@centos-jifu-vm ~]# cat ex9.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo "input a number between 1 to 4"
printf "you number is:\n"
read aNum
case $aNum in
     1) echo "You select 1"
     ;;
     2) echo "You select 2"
     ;;
     3) echo "You select 3"
     ;;
     4) echo "You select 4"
     ;;
     *) echo "You do not select a number beteween 1 and 4"
     ;;
esac

执行结果