embarrass的用法和搭配_关于Shame的用法 About Shame

今天大家都被这张图刷屏了，我们就来学习一下shame的用法。

Shame  [ʃeɪm]　可作名词和动词

作名词时：

释义：

n. 羞耻,羞愧,惭愧   the unhappy feeling that you have when youhave done sth wrong or stupid

基本要点：

1. shame的基本意思是“羞愧,羞耻”，多指由私通、私生、血统低下、与罪犯有牵连、犯罪等原因带来的耻辱或坏名声，是不可数名词。表示“可耻的人、事或物”、“遗憾的事,可惜”时，是单数名词，常跟不定冠词a连用。 2. shame表示“羞愧感、羞耻之心”时，一般用于疑问句或否定句中。

词汇搭配：

动词+～

·       add another shame to a shame  耻上加耻

·       bear shame  忍辱

·       bring shame  带来耻辱

·       cause shame  带来耻辱

·       cry shame on  说…应自觉惭愧，责备，非难

·       feel shame  感到羞耻

·       have no shame  恬不知耻

·       show shame  表现害羞

·       suffer the shame  受辱

·       take shame upon oneself  深感羞辱

形容词+～

·       burning shame  奇耻大辱

·       crying shame  奇耻大辱

·       dirty shame  奇耻大辱

·       false shame  假害羞

·       great shame  大辱

·       terrible shame  极大的耻辱

介词+～

·       for shame  丢脸

·       cry for shame  因羞辱而哭泣

·       hide face from shame  羞得捂住脸

·       in shame  羞得…

·       child of shame  私生子

·       past shame  恬不知耻,厚颜无耻

·       put sb to shame  羞辱某人

·       to sb's shame  很惭愧

·       with shame  羞耻地

～+介词

·       shame at  因…而羞耻

·       shame on  丢脸

·       shame to one's family  家庭的败类

·       shame upon parents  使双亲蒙受羞辱

常用短语：

put to shame 大大优越于某人〔某事物〕，使…相形见绌be greatly superior to sb/sth
▲put sb/sth to shameYour beautiful handwriting puts my untidy scrawl to shame. 你漂亮的书法把我潦草的字迹比得见不得人。

shame on you 应该感到羞耻 you should feel shame about whatyou have said or done
How could you treat her so badly? Shame on you! 你怎么能待她这么坏，真可耻！

句型例句：

To my shame, I never thanked him for his kindness. 我感到惭愧的是对他的好意我从未表示过感谢。
She blushed with shame. 她羞愧得脸红。
She hid her face in shame. 她羞愧地蒙住了脸。
He feels no shame for his action because what he did was right. 他对自己的所作所为并不觉得羞耻，因为他所做的都是正确的。
He was dead to all sense of shame. 他没有一点羞耻感。
He is void of shame. 他缺乏羞耻心。
What a bloody shame！多大的耻辱啊！
How can we make people forget the family's shame? 我们怎么能忘记这一家庭耻辱呢?
It is a shame that he should attempt to injure the reputation of an honest man.他试图伤害一个老实人的名誉,那是可耻的。
What a shame to cheat at an examination！在考试中作弊真是可耻！
It's a shame to take money from those who can't afford it. 拿别人的钱使人家无法自立是可耻的。
It is a shame for a young man like you not to study hard. 像你这样的年轻人不用功学习是一件可耻的事。
It is a shame to be so wasteful. 这样浪费太可耻了。
Isn't it a shame that the rain spoiled our picnic? 这场雨把我们的野餐给破坏了,这不是太可惜了吗?
What a shame you didn't win. 你没赢，真遗憾。
It's a real shame that these poor kids have nowhere they can call home. 这些贫穷的孩子无家可归，真不幸。
He is a shame to us. 他是我们引以为耻的人。
He's a shame to his family. 他是他家的败类。

作动词时：

释义：

vt. 使蒙羞,玷辱  bring dishonour to

vt. 使感到羞愧,使觉得丢脸  cause to feel shame

vt. 使相形见绌,使黯然失色  show to be lacking in quality, ability, etc., by comparison

基本要点：

1. shame的基本意思一是“使蒙受羞耻”，二是“使感到羞愧”，引申为“使相形见绌”，是及物动词，接名词、代词作宾语，可用于被动结构。
2. 当以动词不定式或that从句作主语时，shame常用于it作形式主语的结构中。

词汇搭配：

·       shame one's family  给自己家丢脸

·       shame other companies  使其他公司相形见绌

常用短语：

shame into (v.+prep.)使某人感到惭愧而做某事 cause sb to do sth by making him feel shame
▲shame into sth/v-ing
Maybe they will shame into going to the front.他们也许会上前线的,不然的话他们会羞愧不已。
▲shame sb into sth/v-ingI tried to shame her into voting in the election, but she has no sense ofpublic duty.我试图使她感到不好意思而去投票,但她根本没有公共义务的意识。
It did not take long to shame the boy into a change of behaviour.没用多久就使那男孩因感到惭愧而改变了他的行为。

shame out of(v.+adv.+prep.)使某人感到惭愧而不做某事 cause sb not to do sth by making him feel shame
▲shame sb out of sth/v-ing
How can we shame the boy out of beating his little sister?我们怎样才能使那男孩感到羞愧,不再打他的小妹妹?◇用于be ～ed结构
Don't think that he can be shamed out of stealing.不要指望他会因为感到羞耻而放弃偷窃。

句型例句：

用作及物动词
▲S+～+n./pron.
You've shamed your family.你给你们家丢脸了。
Such an act of cowardice by an officer shames his whole regiment.一个军官作出如此胆怯的行为使整个团都蒙受耻辱。
He wouldn't help us, so we shamed him by doing it without him.他不肯帮助我们,所以我们没有他照样做了那事,从而使他感到羞愧。
They have a record of industrial peace which shames other companies.他们有使其他公司相形见绌的劳资间和平相处的记录。◇用于be ～ed结构
He was shamed by how much more work the others had done.别人做得多得多,他感到很难为情。
She was shamed and frightened.她感到羞愧和恐惧。
▲It ～s n./pron.+to-v
It shames me to say it, but I told a lie.说出来使我羞愧,但我确实撒谎了。

补充资料：

［同义词］n.  contempt, discredit, disgrace, dishonour, reproach, scandal,stain v. abash, confound, debase, defile, degrade, discomfit, disconcert, discredit,dishonour, embarrass［反义词］n.  distinction, honour, pride［词源］  古英语 scamu

(资料摘自Jukuu句酷 http://jukuu.com/worddetail/shame)