python a and b_Python 中 a+=b 和 a=a+b 的区别有哪些？

补充一个,

从字节码看的话,

>>> def fun():

... a = 1

... a += 2

...

import dis

>>> dis.dis(fun)

2 0 LOAD_CONST 1 (1)

3 STORE_FAST 0 (a)

3 6 LOAD_FAST 0 (a)

9 LOAD_CONST 2 (2)

12 INPLACE_ADD

13 STORE_FAST 0 (a)

16 LOAD_CONST 0 (None)

19 RETURN_VALUE

==========================================================

>>> def fun2():

... a = 1

... a = a+2

...

>>> dis.dis(fun2)

2 0 LOAD_CONST 1 (1)

3 STORE_FAST 0 (a)

3 6 LOAD_FAST 0 (a)

9 LOAD_CONST 2 (2)

12 BINARY_ADD

13 STORE_FAST 0 (a)

16 LOAD_CONST 0 (None)

19 RETURN_VALUE

也可以看出=是binary add, +=是inplace add,也可以理解.

还有一个就是当不可变对象容器(tuple)中使用了可变对象元素的话,如

>>> t = (1,2,[2,3])

>>> t = (1,2,[2,3])

>>> t[2] = t[2] + [3,3]

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment

>>> t

(1, 2, [2, 3])

============================

>>> t[2] += [3,3]

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment

>>> t

(1, 2, [2, 3, 3, 3])

会发现虽然报错结果是相同的,但是执行t[2]+= 之后t[2]在赋值操作之前已经被改变.

“增量赋值不是一个原子操作。虽然抛出了异常,但还是完成了操作”

摘录来自: [巴西] Luciano Ramalho. “流畅的Python”。

摘录来自: [巴西] Luciano Ramalho. “流畅的Python”。 iBooks.