linux nfs connection refused,Linux下的NFS配置

环境：

client:主机rac2,ip 192.168.0.6

server:主机rac1,ip 192.168.0.5

1)在客户端启动portmap和nfs服务，单起nfs进程是无法启动的。

[root@rac2 init.d]# ./nfs start

Starting NFS services:[OK]

Starting NFS quotas: Cannot register service: RPC: Unable to receive; errno = Connection refused

rpc.rquotad: unable to register (RQUOTAPROG, RQUOTAVERS, udp).

[FAILED]

Starting NFS daemon:

[FAILED]

Starting NFS mountd: Cannot register service: RPC: Unable to receive; errno = Connection refused

mountd: unable to register (mountd, 1, udp).

[FAILED]

Starting RPC idmapd:[OK]

[root@rac2 init.d]# ps -ef|grep nfs

证明nfs没有启动。

[root@rac2 init.d]# /etc/init.d/portmap start

Starting portmap:[OK]

[root@rac2 init.d]# ps -ef|grep portmap

rpc319810 02:39 ?00:00:00 portmap

root320229980 02:39 pts/000:00:00 grep portmap

[root@rac2 init.d]# /etc/init.d/nfs start

Starting NFS services:[OK]

Starting NFS quotas:[OK]

Starting NFS daemon:[OK]

Starting NFS mountd:[OK]

启动正常，检查一下nfs进程是否在。

[root@rac2 init.d]# ps -ef|grep nfs

root322210 02:39 ?00:00:00 [nfsd]

root322310 02:39 ?00:00:00 [nfsd]

root322410 02:39 ?00:00:00 [nfsd]

root322510 02:39 ?00:00:00 [nfsd]

root322610 02:39 ?00:00:00 [nfsd]

root322710 02:39 ?00:00:00 [nfsd]

root322810 02:39 ?00:00:00 [nfsd]

root323110 02:39 ?00:00:00 [nfsd]

root326029980 02:45 pts/000:00:00 grep nfs

rac1上有一个/disk0分区，看从rac2能否直接连接上rac1

[root@rac1 ~]# df -h

FilesystemSizeUsed Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda52.9G2.3G503M83% /

/dev/sda199M12M83M12% /boot

none125M0125M0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda27.7G2.3G5.1G32% /home

/dev/sda33.9G2.3G1.4G62% /usr

/dev/sda72.8G1.1G1.6G40% /var

/dev/sdb51004M1.3M952M1% /disk0

[root@rac2 init.d]# mount 192.168.0.5:/disk0 /wyl(/wyl目录必须已存在)

mount: mount to NFS server '192.168.0.5' failed: System Error: Connection refused.

报错信息指的是server端(Rac1)的nfs进程没起来！

在服务端启动nfs进程(实际上是要启动portmap和nfs进程)

[root@rac1 ~]#/etc/init.d/portmap start

Starting portmap:[OK]

[root@rac1 ~]# /etc/init.d/nfs start

Starting NFS services:[OK]

Starting NFS quotas:[OK]

Starting NFS daemon:[OK]

Starting NFS mountd:[OK]

Starting RPC idmapd:[OK]

再次在客户端连接

[root@rac2 init.d]#mount 192.168.0.5:/disk0 /wyl

mount: 192.168.0.5:/disk0 failed, reason given by server: Permission denied

此报错信息是因为没在server端授权client端来连接,其实道理很简单,必须在服务端来决定哪些IP可以来mount,我的哪个分区可以被mount.

在服务器端编辑/etc/wxports文件

[root@rac1 ~]# vi /etc/exports

/disk0192.168.0.6(rw)

第一列定义的是服务端哪个分区可以被mount,第二列定义的是哪些客户端IP可以来mount.

注意修改/etc/export后,要重起nfs进程.

vi /etc/exports

/disk0192.168.0.6(rw)

~

~

~

"/etc/exports" 1L, 24C written

[root@rac1 ~]# more/etc/exports

/disk0192.168.0.6(rw)

[root@rac1 ~]# /etc/init.d/nfs restart

Shutting down NFS mountd:[OK]

Shutting down NFS daemon:[OK]

Shutting down NFS quotas:[OK]

Shutting down NFS services:[OK]

Starting NFS services:[OK]

Starting NFS quotas:[OK]

Starting NFS daemon:[OK]

Starting NFS mountd:[OK]

此时在客户端连接就可以了.

[root@rac2 init.d]#mount 192.168.0.5:/disk0 /wyl

无报错信息.

[root@rac2 init.d]# df -h

FilesystemSizeUsed Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda52.9G277M2.5G10% /

/dev/sda199M12M83M12% /boot

none125M0125M0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda27.7G62M7.3G1% /home

/dev/sda33.9G2.5G1.2G68% /usr

/dev/sda72.8G117M2.5G5% /var

192.168.0.5:/disk01004M1.3M952M1% /wyl

为使下次重起时系统能自动启动portmap和nfs进程.在客户端和服务端都要执行.

#chkconfig –level 235 portmap on

#chkconfig –level 235 nfs on

为了客户端下次重起时能自动连接server端的nfs分区.修改客户端/etc/fstab文件.添加

/wyl192.168.0.5:/disk0

总结一下配置过程:

1)在客户端和服务端均启动portmap和nfs,最好是修改为自动启动的进程.

2)修改服务端/etc/exports文件,定义允许连接的客户端

3)客户端连接

mountserverip:目录客户端目录

4)编辑客户端/etc/fstab以便客户端每次重起后也能连接server端.