python中join的作用_python多线程中join()的理解

在 Python 的多线程编程中，经常碰到 thread.join()这样的代码。那么今天咱们用实际代码来解释一下 join 函数的作用。

第一，当一个进程启动之后，会默认产生一个主线程，因为线程是程序执行流的最小单元，当设置多线程时，主线程会创建多个子线程，在python中，默认情况下（其实就是setDaemon(False)），主线程执行完自己的任务以后，就退出了，此时子线程会继续执行自己的任务，直到自己的任务结束，例子见下面。

#coding: utf-8#测试多线程中join的功能

importthreading, timedefdoWaiting():print 'start waiting1:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"time.sleep(3)print 'stop waiting1:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

defdoWaiting1():print 'start waiting2:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"time.sleep(8)print 'stop waiting2:', time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"tsk=[]

thread1= threading.Thread(target =doWaiting)

thread1.start()

tsk.append(thread1)

thread2= threading.Thread(target =doWaiting1)

thread2.start()

tsk.append(thread2)print 'start join:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

print 'end join:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

代码执行结果如下：

start waiting1: 22:24:20start join:22:24:20start waiting2:22:24:20end join:22:24:20stop waiting1:22:24:23stop waiting2:22:24:28

第二，当我们使用setDaemon(True)方法，设置子线程为守护线程时，主线程一旦执行结束，则全部线程全部被终止执行，可能出现的情况就是，子线程的任务还没有完全执行结束，就被迫停止，例子见下面。

1 #coding: utf-8

2 #测试多线程中join的功能

3 importthreading, time4 defdoWaiting():5 print 'start waiting1:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

6 time.sleep(3)7 print 'stop waiting1:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

8 defdoWaiting1():9 print 'start waiting2:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

10 time.sleep(8)11 print 'stop waiting2:', time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

12 tsk =[]13 thread1 = threading.Thread(target =doWaiting)14 thread1.setDaemon(True)15 thread1.start()16 tsk.append(thread1)17 thread2 = threading.Thread(target =doWaiting1)18 thread2.setDaemon(True)19 thread2.start()20 tsk.append(thread2)21 print 'start join:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

22

23 print 'end join:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

代码执行结果如下：

start waiting1: 22:34:46start waiting2:22:34:46start join:22:34:46end join:22:34:46

第三，没有设置守护线程且没有设置join函数的timeout参数时，主线程将会一直等待，直到子线程全部结束，主线程才结束，程序退出。代码如下：

1 #coding: utf-8

2 #测试多线程中join的功能

3 importthreading, time4 defdoWaiting():5 print 'start waiting1:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

6 time.sleep(3)7 print 'stop waiting1:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

8 defdoWaiting1():9 print 'start waiting2:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

10 time.sleep(8)11 print 'stop waiting2:', time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

12 tsk =[]13 thread1 = threading.Thread(target =doWaiting)14 thread1.start()15 tsk.append(thread1)16 thread2 = threading.Thread(target =doWaiting1)17 thread2.start()18 tsk.append(thread2)19 print 'start join:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

20 for tt intsk:21 tt.join()22 print 'end join:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

代码执行结果如下：

start waiting1: 22:41:50start join:22:41:50start waiting2:22:41:50stop waiting1:22:41:53stop waiting2:22:41:58end join:22:41:58

第四，当没有设置守护线程且join函数的参数timeout=2时，主线程将会等待多个子线程timeout的累加和这样的一段时间，时间一到，主线程结束，但是并没有杀死子线程，子线程依然可以继续执行，直到子线程全部结束，程序退出。代码如下：

1 #coding: utf-8

2 #测试多线程中join的功能

3 importthreading, time4 defdoWaiting():5 print 'start waiting1:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

6 time.sleep(3)7 print 'stop waiting1:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

8 defdoWaiting1():9 print 'start waiting2:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

10 time.sleep(8)11 print 'stop waiting2:', time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

12 tsk =[]13 thread1 = threading.Thread(target =doWaiting)14 thread1.start()15 tsk.append(thread1)16 thread2 = threading.Thread(target =doWaiting1)17 thread2.start()18 tsk.append(thread2)19 print 'start join:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

20 for tt intsk:21 tt.join(2)22 print 'end join:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

代码执行结果如下：

start waiting1: 23:02:34start waiting2:23:02:34start join:23:02:34stop waiting1:23:02:37end join:23:02:38stop waiting2:23:02:42

第五，当设置守护线程join函数的参数timeout=2时，主线程将会等待多个子线程timeout的累加和这样的一段时间，时间一到，主线程结束，杀死未执行完的子线程，程序退出。代码如下：

1 #coding: utf-8

2 #测试多线程中join的功能

3 importthreading, time4 defdoWaiting():5 print 'start waiting1:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

6 time.sleep(3)7 print 'stop waiting1:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

8 defdoWaiting1():9 print 'start waiting2:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

10 time.sleep(8)11 print 'stop waiting2:', time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

12 tsk =[]13 thread1 = threading.Thread(target =doWaiting)14 thread1.setDaemon(True)15 thread1.start()16 tsk.append(thread1)17 thread2 = threading.Thread(target =doWaiting1)18 thread2.setDaemon(True)19 thread2.start()20 tsk.append(thread2)21 print 'start join:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

22 for tt intsk:23 tt.join(2)24 print 'end join:' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"

代码执行结果如下：

start waiting1: 23:23:57start waiting2:23:23:57start join:23:23:57stop waiting1:23:24:00end join:23:24:01