elasticsearch java_elasticsearch入门到放弃之elasticsearch java-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39633276/article/details/114161528

在java中使用elasticsearch自带的api操作elasticsearch。你可以先看下elasticsearch入门到放弃之docker搭建获取一个elasticsearch环境

系列文章

参考文档

环境信息

准备工作

下面可能用到了中文分词elasticsearch-analysis-ik,由于很简单我就不单独写了简单说下流程吧

docker 进入容器

docker exec -it elasticsearch /bin/bash

进入bin目录下

elasticsearch-plugin install https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/releases/download/v6.5.4/elasticsearch-analysis-ik-6.5.4.zip

pom.xml依赖

我这里使用了x-pack-transport的包,你可以选择使用transport包，如果你没有开启x-pack的话

6.5.4

2.7

4.12

org.elasticsearch

elasticsearch

${elasticsearch.version}

org.elasticsearch.client

x-pack-transport

${elasticsearch.version}

org.apache.logging.log4j

log4j-api

${log4j.version}

org.apache.logging.log4j

log4j-core

${log4j.version}

junit

${junit.version}

test

elasticsearch-releases

https://artifacts.elastic.co/maven

true

false

正题

下面代码基于junit编写可以直接参考：ElasticsearchCase

初始化客户端

跟操作数据库一样，写入地址、账号密码，获取一个客户端，有兴趣的可以看org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.client.ClusterNodesspring boot是怎么解析集群的

private TransportClient client;

private String[] nodes = new String[]{"127.0.0.1:9200"};

@Before

public void initClint() {

Settings settings = Settings.builder()

// es 集群的名称

.put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch")

.put("client.transport.sniff", "true")

//账号密码

.put("xpack.security.user", "elastic:123456")

.build();

client = new PreBuiltXPackTransportClient(settings)

//添加集群节点

.addTransportAddresses(parseAddress());

}

创建索引

可以理解为创建一个mysql数据库表

@Test

public void createIndex() {

client.admin()

.indices()

.prepareCreate("elastic").get();

client.close();

}

设置mappings

mappings可以理解为mysql的表字段(json数据)

对应的json格式

{

"properties": {

"id": {

"type": "long",

"store": true

"name": {

"type": "text",

"store": true

"age": {

"type": "integer",

"store": true

}

对应的java代码

XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()

.startObject() // 相当于json的'{'

.startObject("properties")

.startObject("id")

.field("type", "long") //字段类型

.field("store", true) //是否存储

.endObject() //相当于json的'}'

.startObject("name")

.field("type", "text")

.field("store", true)

.field("analyzer", "ik_smart") //采用ik_smart分词 "search_analyzer": "ik_smart"

.endObject()

.startObject("age")

.field("type", "integer")

.field("store", true)

.endObject()

.startObject("desc")

.field("type", "text")

.field("store", true)

.field("analyzer", "ik_max_word")

.endObject()

.startObject("registerTime")

.field("type", "date")

.field("store", true)

.field("format", "yyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd||epoch_millis")

.endObject()

.endObject();

client.admin().indices()

.preparePutMapping("elastic")

.setType("user") //对应数据库的表名称

.setSource(builder)

.get();

client.close();

添加数据

对应数据库的insert,可以用java pojo转换成json对象(fastjson)

json数据

{

"id": 1,

"name": "zhaoyunxing",

"age": 28,

"desc": "中国驻洛杉矶领事馆遭亚裔男子枪击嫌犯已自首"

}

java代码

@Test

public void addDocument() throws IOException {

//创建文档

XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()

.startObject()

.field("id",1L)

.field("name","sunny")

.field("age",28L)

.field("desc","中国驻洛杉矶领事馆遭亚裔男子枪击嫌犯已自首")

.endObject();

client.prepareIndex("elastic","user")

.setId("1")

.setSource(builder)

.get();

client.close();

}

pojo

@Test

public void addDocumentPojo(){

User user = new User(3l, "张三", 28l, "掌握ES使用IK中文分词器");

String json = JSONObject.toJSONString(user);

client.prepareIndex("elastic", "user","3")

.setSource(json, XContentType.JSON)

.get();

client.close();

}

查询

由于我抽取了公共的search()方法，那么下面我只写一遍

根据id查询

@Test

public void searchById(){

QueryBuilder query = QueryBuilders.idsQuery().addIds("1","2");

search(query);

}

private void search(QueryBuilder query) {

SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("elastic")

.setTypes("user")

.setQuery(query)

.get();

//查询命中缓存

SearchHits searchHits = searchResponse.getHits();

System.out.println("查询结果总记录数："+searchHits.getTotalHits());

Arrays.stream(searchHits.getHits()).forEach(doc-> System.out.println(doc.getSourceAsString()));

client.close();

}

根据关键字查询

@Test

public void searchByTerm(){

* * 搜索的字段名称

* * 关键字

QueryBuilder query = QueryBuilders.termQuery("desc","es");

search(query);

}

模糊查询

@Test

public void searchByStringQuery(){

QueryBuilder query = QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery("sunny爱中国，最近在学es")

// 可以指定作用域，不指定全部字段匹配

.defaultField("name");

search(query);

}

分页设置

SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("elastic")

.setTypes("user")

.setQuery(query)

//从零开始

.setFrom(0)

//每页显示5条

.setSize(5)

.get();

根据字段排序

只写下关键代码 addSort("id", SortOrder.DESC)

SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("elastic")

.setTypes("user")

.setQuery(query)

//从零开始

.setFrom(from)

//每页显示5条

.setSize(size)

.addSort("id", SortOrder.DESC) //设置字段排序规则

.highlighter(highlightBuilder)

.get();

根据时间域查询

这里也只写伪代码，我数据插入进去的是时间戳，可能是我设置的时间不对，但是能说明问题即可

SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("elastic")

.setTypes("user")

.setQuery(query)

.setQuery(new RangeQueryBuilder("registerTime").from("1562324622115").to("1562324622260"))

.get();

高亮显示

高亮显示原理即在匹配到的关键字前后添加上特殊标签，然后前端通过css识别

HighlightBuilder highlightBuilder = new HighlightBuilder();

highlightBuilder.field(highlight); // 高亮字段

highlightBuilder.preTags(""); //前字段

highlightBuilder.postTags(""); //后字段

SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("elastic")

.setTypes("user")

.setQuery(query)

//从零开始

.setFrom(from)

//每页显示5条

.setSize(size)

.highlighter(highlightBuilder)

.get();

//查询命中缓存

SearchHits searchHits = searchResponse.getHits();

System.out.println("查询结果总记录数：" + searchHits.getTotalHits());

Arrays.stream(searchHits.getHits()).forEach(doc ->{

System.out.println(doc.getSourceAsString());

System.out.println("*******************高亮结果********************");

Map highlightFields = doc.getHighlightFields();

HighlightField highlightField = highlightFields.get(highlight);

Arrays.stream(highlightField.getFragments()).forEach(System.out::println);

System.out.println();

});

client.close();

可能遇到的问题

java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings$Builder.put([Ljava/lang/Object;)Lorg/elasticsearch/common/settings/Settings$Builder;

这个是elasticsearch和x-pack版本不一致导致的，保持版本一致即可