python header头部请求_python中使用urllib2伪造HTTP报头的2个方法

在采集网页信息的时候，经常需要伪造报头来实现采集脚本的有效执行

下面，我们将使用urllib2的header部分伪造报头来实现采集信息

方法1、

#!/usr/bin/python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

#encoding=utf-8

#Filename:urllib2-header.py

import urllib2

import sys

#抓取网页内容-发送报头-1

url= "//www.jb51.net"

send_headers = {

'Host':'www.jb51.net',

'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; rv:16.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/16.0',

'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',

'Connection':'keep-alive'

}

req = urllib2.Request(url,headers=send_headers)

r = urllib2.urlopen(req)

html = r.read() #返回网页内容

receive_header = r.info() #返回的报头信息

# sys.getfilesystemencoding()

html = html.decode('utf-8','replace').encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding()) #转码:避免输出出现乱码

print receive_header

# print '####################################'

print html

方法2、

#!/usr/bin/python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

#encoding=utf-8

#Filename:urllib2-header.py

import urllib2

import sys

url = '//www.jb51.net'

req = urllib2.Request(url)

req.add_header('Referer','//www.jb51.net/')

req.add_header('User-Agent','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; rv:16.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/16.0')

r = urllib2.urlopen(req)

html = r.read()

receive_header = r.info()

html = html.decode('utf-8').encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())

print receive_header

print '#####################################'

print html