python画曲线图添加网格线_在matplotlib中的图像上绘制网格线

How can I draw regular grid lines over a tiff image?

I want to draw regular square grids for each interval (say 100 by 100 pixels) over the image and save that with the drawings. I also need to overlay each grid id as '1','2',...at the middle of each grid box.

解决方案

You will need the python imaging library (PIL) installed. (See here https://pypi.python.org/pypi/PIL). See these answers for examples of ways to install PIL: answer 1, answer 2

Right, with that installed, the following code should do what you ask for:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import matplotlib.ticker as plticker

try:

from PIL import Image

except ImportError:

import Image

# Open image file

image = Image.open('myImage.tiff')

my_dpi=300.

# Set up figure

fig=plt.figure(figsize=(float(image.size[0])/my_dpi,float(image.size[1])/my_dpi),dpi=my_dpi)

ax=fig.add_subplot(111)

# Remove whitespace from around the image

fig.subplots_adjust(left=0,right=1,bottom=0,top=1)

# Set the gridding interval: here we use the major tick interval

myInterval=100.

loc = plticker.MultipleLocator(base=myInterval)

ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(loc)

ax.yaxis.set_major_locator(loc)

# Add the grid

ax.grid(which='major', axis='both', linestyle='-')

# Add the image

ax.imshow(image)

# Find number of gridsquares in x and y direction

nx=abs(int(float(ax.get_xlim()[1]-ax.get_xlim()[0])/float(myInterval)))

ny=abs(int(float(ax.get_ylim()[1]-ax.get_ylim()[0])/float(myInterval)))

# Add some labels to the gridsquares

for j in range(ny):

y=myInterval/2+j*myInterval

for i in range(nx):

x=myInterval/2.+float(i)*myInterval

ax.text(x,y,'{:d}'.format(i+j*nx),color='w',ha='center',va='center')

# Save the figure

fig.savefig('myImageGrid.tiff',dpi=my_dpi)

Which, if used on the grace_hopper.png example file, produces the following output: