centos 6.7 mysql rpm_CentOS 6.7 下RPM方式安装MySQL 5.6

1. 下载Linux对应的RPM包，如：CentOS6.7_64对应的RPM包，如下：

[root@mysql ~]# ll

总用量 113808

-rw-------. 1 root root    1434 12月 13 18:47 anaconda-ks.cfg

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    42556 12月 13 18:47 install.log

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    10033 12月 13 18:45 install.log.syslog

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 23135399 12月 13 18:56 MySQL-client-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  4586217 12月 13 18:56 MySQL-devel-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 88715219 12月 13 18:56 MySQL-server-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm

2. 检查MySQL及相关RPM包，是否安装，如果有安装，则移除(rpm –e 名称)

[root@mysql ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64

[root@mysql ~]# rpm -ev mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 --nodeps

3. 安装MySQL

[root@mysql ~]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm

Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]

1:MySQL-server          ########################################### [100%]

warning: user mysql does not exist - using root

warning: group mysql does not exist - using root

Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com

New default config file was created as /usr/my.cnf and

will be used by default by the server when you start it.

You may edit this file to change server settings

[root@mysql ~]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm

Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]

1:MySQL-devel            ########################################### [100%]

[root@mysql ~]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.25-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm

Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]

1:MySQL-client          ########################################### [100%]

4. 初始化MySQL及设置密码

[root@mysql ~]# /usr/bin/mysql_install_db            -- mysql_install_db脚本来生成帐户和相应权限许可表

WARNING: The host 'mysql' could not be looked up with /usr/bin/resolveip.

This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible

。。省略输出。。

WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system

This file will be read by default by the MySQL server

If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the

--defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server

[root@mysql ~]# service mysql start

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

[root@mysql ~]# cat /root/.mysql_secret    --查看root账号密码

# The random password set for the root user at Tue Dec 13 18:59:06 2016 (local time): 7MhtyX3aZEl9OUf8

[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:              --(此处复制粘贴 7MhtyX3aZEl9OUf8)

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.6.2

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

说明：  出现mysql>  表示一切顺利成功。

mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');  --设置密码为123456

5. 允许远程登陆

mysql> use mysql;

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> select host,user,password from user;

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

| host      | user | password                                  |

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

| localhost | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

| mysql    | root | *6D95CDA252C85345E8BC1C4168E962D3949C30F9 |

| 127.0.0.1 | root | *6D95CDA252C85345E8BC1C4168E962D3949C30F9 |

| ::1      | root | *6D95CDA252C85345E8BC1C4168E962D3949C30F9 |

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';

Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 4  Changed: 3  Warnings: 0

mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit

6. 设置开机自启动

[root@mysql ~]# chkconfig mysql on

[root@mysql ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql

mysql          0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭

7.  MySQL的默认安装位置

/var/lib/mysql/              #数据库目录

/usr/share/mysql              #配置文件目录

/usr/bin                    #相关命令目录

/etc/init.d/mysql              #启动脚本

8.  更改MySQL目录与字符集

[root@mysql01 /]# cd /

[root@mysql01 /]# mkdir data    #建立data目录

[root@mysql01 /]#  service mysql stop

Shutting down MySQL....                                    [  OK  ]

[root@mysql01 /]# mv /var/lib/mysql  /data  #把/var/lib/mysql整个目录移到/home/data

[root@mysql01 /]#  mkdir -p /data/mysql/binarylog

[root@mysql01 /]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

如果/etc/目录下没有my.cnf配置文件，请到/usr/share/mysql/下找到*.cnf文件，拷贝其中一个到/etc/并改名为my.cnf中

[root@mysql ~]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf    --修改配置文件位置

配置/etc/my.cnf文件,修改数据存放路径、mysql.sock路径以及默认编码utf-8.

[root@mysql01 /]# cat /etc/my.cnf

[client]

password = 123456

port = 3306

default-character-set = utf8

[mysqld]

port = 3306

socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock

character_set_server = utf8

character_set_client = utf8

collation-server=utf8_general_ci

lower_case_table_names = 1

max_connections = 1000

datadir = /data/mysql/

log_bin = /data/mysql/binarylog/binlog

[mysql]

default-character-set = utf8

socket  = /data/mysql/mysql.sock

查看字符集

show variables like '%collation%';

show variables like '%char%';

9. 重新启动MySQL服务

[root@mysql ~]# service mysql restart

Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

OK  一切成功